Rhythm Flashcards
Note normally on the beat is attacked a half beat early
Anticipation
If a dot adds half a beat, what does a double dot add?
1/4 of a beat
regular recurring pulses in music
beats
rate of progression of beats
tempo
1) recurring pattern of accented vs unaccented pulsations
2) pattern of beat groupings and nature of the divided beat
meter
beat groupings, such as duple, triple or quadruple
metrical stress
What are the three kinds of metrical stress?
simple compound and complex/composite
musical symbol that indicates metrical stress and unit of the beat
meter/time signature
What do the top and bottom numbers represent in a time signature?
Top=metrical stress, bottom=unit or division of beat
What top and bottom numbers are possible in simple time?
Top: 2,3,4
Bottom: 1,2,4,8,16,32
What top and bottom numbers are possible in compound time?
Top: 6,9,12
Bottom: 2,4,8,16,32,64
alla breve
cut time
What is another way to write 2 as a top number and a dotted quarter note as the bottom number in a time signature?
6/8
2 other ways to write 7/8 in complex meter
3.5/4 and 2+3+2/8
Meter exceptions
-3 can be compound single
-slow 6,9,12 can be simple
-7,10,14,15,21 may need simple or compound interpretation
2,3,4,6,8,9,12 may need composite interpretation
occurrence of varying lengths of sound and silence
rhythm
relationships between rhythm and meter can be shown in two categories
regular and irregular rhythm
when long notes coincide with strong beats and shorter notes occur as non syncopated divisions of weak beats OR
when repeating non syncopated rhythms occur on all beats
regular rhythm
measure is filled by 1 note OR 2 notes in quadruple meter OR divided equally into units of beats OR measure is divided into equal divisions of the unit of the beat
uniform rhythm(aka all of the notes in a measure are the same type of rhythm)
when long notes coincide with weak beats or weak parts of beats OR when rhythm has been syncopated
irregular rhythm
notes alter normal or expected pattern of rhythm, accent, or meter by appearing on weak beats or weak parts of beats
syncopated rhythm
how is syncopation created?
1) weak beat or part of beat is accented
2) “ “ is tied to the strong beat which it follows
3) rest occurs on a beat after a note on a weak beat or when a rest occurs on any beat after a weak part of a beat
first beat in a measure
thesis, downbeat
short musical thought
phrase
phrase that starts on the first beat has a ____ ________
thetic beginning
unaccented beat in a measure
arsis
1 or more notes that precedes first note in a musical phrase
anacrusis, pickup, upbeat
when last attack coincides with thesis/when last attack does not coincide with thesis
masculine, feminine ending
same metrical stress but a different unit of the beat
related meter
-same top number(4/4=4/2=4/8)
simple and compound meters with same beat groupings and same note for the divided beat
equivalent meter
-6/8=2/4, 9/8=3/4
