Harmony Ch. 1-6 Flashcards
show the possible figured bass for 1st inversion triads
663, 63, most commonly 6
- fifth double is 633
- 3rd doubled is 863
T/F: In figured bass, an Arabic numeral must appear to indicate a note alteration of the 3rd.
False
when two voices move by contrary motion from one harmonic interval to the same harmonic interval
parallels by contrary motion. forbidden
when a second inversion chord appears between root position and first inversion of another chord
passing 64
I6-V64-I or IV-I64-IV6 or I-V64-I6, etc.
When simple harmonic intervals occur between the bass and tenor voices, limitations must be placed on how low they may occur. What are these low interval limits?
Bottom note for bass:
min6: G
tritone: B
3rd: c
2nd: e
These are the only limitations.
What is open and close position? What is not considered in determining these positions?
Simple interval between soprano and tenor voices is close position. Compound=open.
The bass voice is not considered.
occurs between any two adjacent voices where the lower voice has a pitch higher than the upper voice
crossed voices…not normally permitted
occurs when a lower voice moves to a pitch higher than the previous pitch in an upper voice, or an upper voice moves to a pitch lower than the previous pitch in a lower voice
overlapping voices…not normally permitted
direct motion that occurs when two parts move in the same direction producing the same harmonic interval, WITHOUT REGARD FOR QUALITY
parallel motion
Note: major third to a minor third is parallel motion
which notes should be doubled when writing triads in 4 parts?
generally, tonal notes. Modal notes may occasionally be doubled as a result of melodic line. Sometimes triple the root and omit the 5
why are inversions used?
to give the bass voice smoothness and variety
indirect motion that occurs when two parts move in opposite directions
contrary motion
What must be present to have a perfect authentic cadence?
Both chords in root position and the tonic scale degree appears in the soprano voice over the tonic chord. Occurs at final cadence
Note: for imperfect, either chord can be inverted, or root is not in soprano for tonic chord. Occurs most often at cadence points other than final
-same rules apply for plagal
what is the primary means of establishing a key?
to move from the major dominant triad to the tonic triad
when do plagal cadences usually appear?
often follow final authentic cadences to emphasize finality
used for figured bass and indicates the notes above the bass voice as simple diatonic intervals
arabic numerals
8/5/3=5/3=nothing at all. Standard voicing is implied but can be written out.
harmonic intervals which occur between the soprano, alto and tenor voices must be _____ intervals
simple. Compound intervals may occur between the tenor and bass voices.
what should you do when connecting primary triads that have conjunct movement in the root?
move all upper voices contrary to the bass to the nearest chord tones
Identify primary triads
1 4 5
Can a V go to a IV?
yes, if IV immediately progresses to V
Identify the voice ranges for SATB
S: c1-a2
A: g-d2
T: c-a1
B: F-d1
occurs when two parts move in the same direction
direct motion
Note: indirect motion generally preferred to direct motion
Harmony examines the structures and relationship between _________ combinations of musical tones and their successions. Counterpoint examines ________ combinations
Vertical, horizontal
occurs when the second inversion of a chord is immediately preceded or followed by the same chord in root position and/or first inversion
arpeggiated
i-i64-iv6, V6-V64-I, i-i6-i64, IV6-IV64
occurs when two parts move in dissimilar directions
indirect motion
Note: generally preferred to direct motion
When one pitch of a melody moves step wise to another…when one pitch of a melody leaps to another
Conjunct and disjunct motion
1) show the possible figured bass for 2nd inversion triads
2) what do you always double?
1) 864, 64
2) 5th
Identify tonal and modal tones in major and minor key systems
1 3 5 tonal, 7 3 6 modal. 2 can be both
5 forbidden intervals
1) augmented
2) compound
3) major 7th
4) minor seventh must be followed by conjunct in opposite direction
5) diminished intervals should be followed by conjunct motion in the opposite direction
occurs between two root positions of the same chord where the fifth of the 64 is the same note as the root of the root position chord
auxiliary
I-IV64-I, V#-i64-V#, i-iv64-i
Note: occurs when the 3rd and 5th of a root position triad, with root doubled, ascend by step and return.
CGEC-CAFC-CGEC
what does a slash through a figured bass number mean?
that pitch is raised a half step
when two parts move in similar motion to a unison, P5, or octave
hidden or covered motion. Hidden unisons are forbidden.
form of half cadence created by the progression of iv6 to V# with subdominant to dominant voice leading in the soprano
Phrygian cadence
-the semitone in the bass voice resembles the lowered supertonic to tonic movement and the soprano resembles the subtonic to tonic movement of a Phrygian mode
indirect motion that occurs when one part moves and another sustains or repeats
oblique motion
which parallel motion intervals must not occur?
octaves, unisons, 5ths and parallel dissonant intervals
Parallel P4 are acceptable but only in the upper 3 voices.
when a second inversion tonic chord moves to the dominant chord at a cadence
cadential 64
I64-V
two phrase form a _____. First phrase is called ______, second is called _______.
When there is similarity between the two phrases they are called ______. When they are not similar they are _______.
1) period
2) antecedent phrase
3) consequent phrase
4) parallel
5) contrasting
Two consecutive moves in the same direction which form a compound interval are…
Forbidden
direct motion that occurs when two parts move in the same direction producing different harmonic intervals
similar
