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CMS Advanced Somm Old > Rhone, South of France, Languedoc-Roussillon > Flashcards

Rhone, South of France, Languedoc-Roussillon Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

Describe the wines of Coteaux de Die AOP.

A

Whites based on Clairette (100%)

SOUTH RHONE

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2
Q

How many communes are part of Cotes du Roussillon-Villages AOP? How many may appened their name? Which?

A
  • 32 communes
  • 4 communes:
  • Latour-de-France
  • Caramany (Old Carignan)
  • Lesquerde (Old Carignan)
  • Tautavel
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3
Q

What region has more acres under vine than any other in the world?

A

Languedoc-Roussillon

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4
Q

What are the Rasteau vin doux naturel labeling terms?

A

Oxidative - aged min 3 yrs

  • Ambré - white
  • Tuilé - red

Fresher

  • Blanc - white
  • Grenat - red

Rancio

  • maderized
  • open barrels
  • left in the sun

“Hors d’Age” - min 5 yrs of age

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5
Q

What is the subzone of Cotes du Roussillon?

A 
Les Apres(2003)
-Reds based on Syrah & Mourvèdre
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6
Q

Where is the Patrimonio AOP?

A

Corsica

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7
Q

What are the permitted methods of production for Gaillac Mousseux?

A

-Traditional method
W: Mauzac
-Méthode Gaillaçoise - a variant of méthode ancestrale

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8
Q

Where and what is Buzet AOP?

A
  • South of Bergerac

- Red, white, rosé - Bordeaux varieties

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9
Q

What are the main grapes of Corsica?

A

(All Indigenous)

  • Nielluccio - Sangiovese variant
  • Sciacarello
  • Vermentino
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10
Q

What color wines can be Cotes de Provence AOP?

A

Blanc: Clairette, Ugni Blanc, Sémillon, Vermentino
Rouge:
Principal Varieties: Min. 70% combined Cinsault, Grenache, Syrah, Mourvèdre, and Tibouren

-Rosé - 75% of ouput (same red grapes)

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11
Q

Where and what is Cotes de Marmandais AOP?

A

South of Bergerac

  • Red, white, rosé
  • Bordeaux varieties w/a compliment of local grapes
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12
Q

What color wines can be Corbieres AOP?

A

Blanc: Min. 90% combined Bourboulenc, Grenache Blanc, Marsanne, Macabeu, Roussanne, and Vermentino
Rouge: Min. 2 varieties. Min. 50% combined Grenache, Lladoner Pelut, Mourvèdre, and Syrah; plus Carignan

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13
Q

What is the climate of the Rhone Valley?

A
  • N. Rhone - more continental

- S. Rhone - Mediterranean

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14
Q

What is the local term used for vintage in Banyuls?

A

Rimage (min. 1 year)

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15
Q

Which N. Rhone appellation is shielded from “le mistrale”?

A

Cornas

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16
Q

Where is Banyuls AOP?

A

Roussillon - southernmost, appellation in continental France

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17
Q

What appellation in France produces varietal Fer wines?

A

Marcillac AOP - min 90%

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18
Q

Which of Corbières sub-zones was promoted?

A

Corbières-Boutenac - Carignan-based red wines

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19
Q

Where is Pierrevert AOP and what color are the wines?

A

-North, close to S.Rhone

Blanc: Min. 50% combined Grenache Blanc and Vermentino; max. 10% combined Marsanne, Viognier, and Piquepoul Blanc; plus Clairette, Roussanne, and Ugni Blanc
Rosé/R: Min. 70% combined Grenache, Syrah and Cinsault

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20
Q

What N. Rhone appellations allow for blending Viognier w/ Syrah?

A

Côte Rôtie only

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21
Q

Who makes 90% of the wine labeled as Muscat de Beaume-de-Venise AOP?

A

A local co-operative, the Vignerons de Beaumes-de-Venise

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22
Q

Who revived Hermitage Vin de Paille?

A
  • Gerard Chave in the 1970s

- Chapoutier more recently

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23
Q

What color wines does St-Joseph produce? From what grapes?

A

Red - Syrah, max 10% combined Marsanne, Roussanne

White - Marsanne and/or Roussanne

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24
Q

What 4 lieux-dits is Cornas divided into?

A
  • Les Reynards
  • La Côte
  • Les Chaillot
  • Les Mazards
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25
Q

When was Vacqueyras promoted from CDR-Villages AOP?

A

1990

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26
Q

What are the requirements for Branyuls Grand Cru AOP?

A
  • Min 75% Grenache Noir

- Min 30 months in barrel

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27
Q

What color can Beaume-de-Venise be? From what grapes?

A

Red - min 50% Grenache

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28
Q

What is required for Cotes de Bergerac AOP?

A

-Bergerac delimited zone but it requires a higher min abv

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29
Q

What 22 communes may append their name to Côtes du Rhone-Villages AOP?

A 
Chusclan  
Gadagne   
Laudun  
Massif d'Uchaux  
Nyons (2020)
Plan de Dieu  
Puyméras  
Roaix  
Rochegude  
Rousset-les-Vignes  
Sablet  
Saint-Andéol
Saint-Gervais   
Saint-Maurice   
Saint-Pantaléon-les-Vignes   
Sainte-Cécile 
Séguret   
Signargues   
Suze-la-Rousse 
Vaison-la-Romaine 
Valréas   
Visan
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30
Q

What is the style and varieties of Tavel?

A

Rosé - regarded as France’s premiere rosé appellation

-Grenache based and dry

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31
Q

When did the Roman Catholic Popes reside in Avignon?

A

1309-1378

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32
Q

Where is Faugères AOP/St. Chinan AOP? What color wines?

A

Languedoc - red, white, rosé

Blanc: 30-70% Roussanne; max. 70% each Grenache Blanc, Marsanne, and Vermentino
Accessory Varieties: Max. 10% combined Clairette and Viognier
Rosé/R: Min. 50% combined Grenache, Lladoner Pelut (min. 20% Grenache and/or Lladoner Pelut), Mourvèdre (min. 5%), and Syrah (min. 15%)

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33
Q

What color wines can be Pécharmant AOP?

A

Blended reds Bordeaux Varietals

-The longest-lived wines from Bergerac

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34
Q

Name 3 excellent producers of Bandol.

A
  • Domaine Tempier
  • Chateau Pibarnon
  • Chateau Pradeaux
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35
Q

What is the physically smallest red wine appellation of the N. Rhone?

A

Cornas - although Hermitage produces less wine

-Just over 100ha planted

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36
Q

Where is Rosette AOP?

A

Sweet wine AOP of Bergerac

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37
Q

Where is Haut-Montravel AOP/ Cotes de Montravel AOP?

A

Sweet wine AOP of Bergerac

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38
Q

Where is vin doux naturel produced in the S. Rhone?

A
  • Rasteau AOP

- Muscat de Beaume-de-Venise AOP

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39
Q

What is Clairette de Bellegarde AOP?

A

A single-commune appellation within Costières de Nîmes (S.R), produces white wines from the Clairette grape

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40
Q

What is the encépagement of Chateau Rayas in Chateauneuf?

A

100% Grenache

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41
Q

What does “Hors d’Age” mean on a Rivesaltes label?

A

Aged min 5 yrs
-In practice, they may receive up to 20 yrs aging prior to release
(Tuilé or Ambré only)

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42
Q

What is the soil known as in Cornas?

A

“Gore” - naked granite

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43
Q

What are the authorized grapes of Chateauneuf-du-Pape?

A
  • Grenache (Noir/Blanc/Gris)
  • Mourvèdre
  • Cinsault
  • Counoise
  • Picpoul (Noir/Blanc/Gris)
  • Terret Noir
  • Bourboulenc
  • Clairette/Clairette Rosé
  • Roussanne
  • Vaccarèse
  • Picardin
  • Muscardin
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44
Q

What is the most full-bodied, richest, and consistently quality-minded VDN appellation in France?

A

Banyuls AOP

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45
Q

What is the premiere producer of Les Baux de Provence AOP?

A

Domaine de Trévallon

-1995 AOC promotion left the estate to release its Cabernet-based wines as “Vin de Pays”

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46
Q

What are the sub-zones of Cotes de Provence?

A
  • La Londe
  • Pierrefeu
  • Sainte-Victoire
  • Fréjus
  • Notre-Dame des Anges (added 2019)
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47
Q

What advantages does co-fermentation offer?

A

Stabilizing red wine color and moderating tannin extraction

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48
Q

What color wines can Crozes-Hermitage be? From what grapes?

A
  • Red - Syrah, max 15% combined Marsanne/Roussanne

- Blanc - Marsanne and/or Roussanne

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49
Q

Where is Cabardès AOP? What color wines are produced?

A
  • Languedoc

- Red & Rosé (Grenache/Syrah/Major Bordeaux Varieties)

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50
Q

What sub-zone of Minervois received full appellation status for reds in 1999?

A

Minervois-La Livinière

R: GSM, Carignan, Cinsault

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51
Q

Where is Palette AOP? Grapes?

A

Provence
- Ch. Simone
Rosé/R: Min. 50% combined Grenache, Mourvèdre (min. 10%), and Cinsault (no single variety may exceed 80%)
Blanc: Min. 55% combined Picardin (Araignan), Clairette, Bourboulenc, and Clairette Rosé

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52
Q

What do “Rivesaltes” mean?

A

“High River” in Catalan tongue

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53
Q

What is the aging requirement for Rivesaltes Tuilé?

A

Aged in an oxidative environment until at least March 1 of the 3rd year following harvest

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54
Q

Where is the Cassis AOP?

A

Provence

Mainly W: Clairette, Roussanne

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55
Q

Who owns Chateau Grillet?

A

Neyret-Gachet which was purchased by François Pinault 2011

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56
Q

What are the appellations of the Dordogne?

A
  • Bergerac
  • Cotes de Bergerac
  • Pécharmant
  • Montravel
  • Haut-Montravel (Sweet)
  • Cotes de Montravel (Sweet)
  • Rosette (Sweet)
  • Saussignac (Sweet)
  • Monbazillac (Sweet)
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57
Q

What are the sweet wine appellations of Bergerac?

A
  • Monbazillac AOP
  • Saussignac AOP
  • Rosette AOP
  • Haut-Montravel AOP
  • Cotes Montravel AOP
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58
Q

What is the difference between these AOPs: Haut-Montravel, Cotes de Montravel, and Montravel?

A
  • Montravel - dry reds & dry whites (Bordeaux Style)
  • Haut- and Cotes-Montravel (VDN whites)
  • All 3 are separate delimited zones:
  • Cotes - northernmost
  • Haut - middle
  • Montravel - southernmost
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59
Q

What appellation of Provence has been pushing for organic mandated farming?

A

Les Baux de Provence AOP

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60
Q

What is Le Rapé?

A
  • Producers must discard 2% of harvest grapes
  • safeguards against under-ripeness
  • Mandated by AOP regulations
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61
Q

What communes can grapes for Muscat de Beaume-de-Venise AOP be sourced?

A
  • Beaume-de-Venise

- Aubignon

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62
Q

What AOP mandates Negrette?

A

Fronton AOP (SW FRANCE)

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63
Q

Where is St-Chinian AOP? What color wine is produced there?

A

Languedoc - red, rosé, & white (Grenache Blanc, Roussanne, Marsanne, Viognier)
Subzones: BERLOU (Carignan, GSM) and ROQUEBRUN (Syrah, Grenache, Mourvedre)

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64
Q

What colors and from what grapes are produced under the Patrimonio AOP?

A

White - Vermentino

Red/Rosé - Nielluccio

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65
Q

When were the vineyards of Gaillac AOP established?

A

SW France

-By the Romans of ancient Gaul in the 1st century CE, are among France’s oldest

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66
Q

What is the aging req for Rivesaltes Grenat?

A

Aged reductively for 1 yr

-Must be bottled before March 1 of the 2nd yr following harvest

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67
Q

What color wine can be Languedoc AOP?

A
  • Red - min 50% combined Grenache, Syrah, Mourvèdre, Lladoner Pelut
  • Rosé
  • White: Piquepoul Blanc (max. 50%), Bourboulenc, Clairette, Grenache Blanc, Marsanne, Roussanne, Tourbat, and Vermentino
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68
Q

Who are the 4 main producers of Hermitage?

A

-Jean-Louis Chave (singular producer)

Negociants:

  • Delas
  • M. Chapoutier
  • Paul Jaboulet
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69
Q

What are the major cities of the Southern Rhone?

A
  • Montelimar (north)
  • Avignon (South-Central)
  • Nîmes (Southwest)
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70
Q

Describe the wines of Cremant de Die AOP.

A

Sparkling - does not req 100% Clairette

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71
Q

Where is Coteaux Varois?

A

Provence - Coteaux Varois en Provence

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72
Q

What region of the S. Rhone adjoins the S. Rhone, Provence & Languedoc?

A

Costières de Nîmes AOP

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73
Q

What AOP of the S. Rhone was formerly considered an appellation of the Languedoc?

A

Costières de Nîmes AOP

-Changed in 2004

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74
Q

What vin doux naturel colors can Rasteau AOP be?

A

White, Rosé, & Red

-Based on Grenache (Noir/Blanc/Gris)

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75
Q

What AOP represents over 90% of France’s fortified wine?

A

Rivesaltes AOP

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76
Q

Where is Cotes de Montravel AOP?

A

Sweet wine AOP of Bergerac

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77
Q

Where is Cotes du Vivarais AOP? Color of wines?

A

S. Rhone - red, rosé, & white

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78
Q

What wine may be labeled “Muscat de Nöel”?

A

Rivesaltes vin doux naturel - Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains & Muscat d’Alexandrie
-Christmas wines that must be bottled no later than Dec 1 of the yr of harvest

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79
Q

Who has long been considered the bearer of traditional wines for Cornas?

A

Auguste Clape

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80
Q

What are the two distinct, non-contiguous sectors of Fitou AOP?

A
  • Fitou Maritime

- Fitou Montagneux

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81
Q

Where did Rasteu’s labeling terms come from?

A

In 2011, Rasteau vignerons adopted the labeling terms from Rivesaltes in Roussillon

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82
Q

What colors, from what grapes, can Les Beaux de Provence AOP be?

A

Red & Rosé
-Based on Grenache, Syrah, & Cinsault
White (added in 2011)
-Based on Grenache Blanc, Vermentino, Clairette, Roussanne

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83
Q

What are the Gaillac “Premières Côtes” for?

A

The appellation exists for the dry whites of eleven communes
Blanc: Min. 50% combined Mauzac, Mauzac Rosé, Len de l’El, and Muscadelle; plus max. 50% combined Sauvignon Blanc and Ondenc

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84
Q

What are the sweet whites of Gaillac labeled?

A

Gaillac Doux
Principal Varieties: Len de l’El and Ondenc
Accessory Varieties: Mauzac, Mauzac Rosé, Muscadelle

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85
Q

What are the two sub-zone designations of St-Chinian AOP?

A
  • Berlou

- Roquebrun

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86
Q

What areas of the N. Rhone are defined by heat-retaining granitic and schistous soils?

A
  • Côte-Rôtie
  • Condrieu
  • Hermitage
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87
Q

What are the appellations of Corsica?

A
  • Vin de Corse
  • Muscat du Cap Corse
  • Ajaccio
  • Patrimonio
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88
Q

What color wines are permitted for Limoux?

A

Red & White
Blanc: Mauzac, Chenin Blanc and Chardonnay (still whites must be fermented in oak)
Rouge: Min. 50% Merlot
Complementary Varieties: Min. 30% combined Grenache, Syrah, and Cot
Accessory Varieties: Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon

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89
Q

What river is Cahors located on? Where is Cahors?

A
  • Lot River

- Southwest France

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90
Q

What is the northernmost appellation of the N. Rhone?

A

Côte-Rôtie

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91
Q

Where is Madiran AOP?

A

In Gascony in SW France

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92
Q

What is the thin topsoil that is powdery, decomposed mica in Condrieu?

A

Arzelle

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93
Q

What grapes can Rivesaltes Ambré, Tuilé, and Rosé be?

A

Grenache (Blanc, Noir, Gris), Tourbat(W), Macabeu(W)

-max 20% combined Muscat à Petit Grains & Muscat d’Alexandria

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94
Q

What styles of wine can St-Peray be? From what grapes?

A
  • Exclusively whites - Marsanne & Roussanne
  • Marsane - broader, oily texture, marzipan character
  • Roussanne - more delicate, adds acidity, waxy minerality
  • Can produce mousseux
  • méthode traditionelle
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95
Q

What variant of Muscat is used for Muscat du Cap Corse AOP?

A

Muscat à Petits Grains Blanc (VDN)

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96
Q

What style of wines are Cotes du Roussillon?

A

Dry red, white and rosé
Blanc: Min. 2 varieties (none may exceed 80%)
Min. 50% combined Grenache Blanc, Macabeu, and Tourbat (Malvoisie du Roussillon)
Rouge/ Rosé: Min. 2 varieties (none may exceed 70%)
Min. 80% combined Grenache, Mourvèdre, Syrah (min. 25% combined Mourvèdre and Syrah), and Carignan (max. 50%)

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97
Q

Describe the wines of Clairette de Die AOP?

A
  • Two sparkling styles:
  • Méthode Traditionelle ; W: Clairette ; -max 15 g/L RS(Brut)
  • Méthode Dioise Ancestrale; 75% Muscat à Petits Grains + Clairette
  • Min 35g/L RS (implying demi-sec)
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98
Q

What is the only appellation in France to focus on Mourvèdre?

A

Bandol AOP

-Min 50% Mourvèdre - blended w/Grenache, Cinsault (and to a lesser extent Syrah & Carignan)

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99
Q

Where is Pécharmant AOP?

A

Bergerac

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100
Q

Where is Saussignac AOP?

A

Sweet wine AOP of Bergerac

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101
Q

Where is Chateau Simone?

A

Palette AOP (Provence)

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102
Q

What are unfortified red, rosé, and whites from Banyuls?

A

Colliure AOP

Rouge/Rosé: Grenache, Mourvèdre, Syrah, and Carignan
Blanc: Grenache Blanc, Grenache Gris, Macabeu, Marsanne, Roussanne, Tourbat (Malvoisie du Roussillon), and Vermentino

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103
Q

Where and what is Côtes de Duras AOP?

A

South of Bergerac

Red, white & rosé
-Bordeaux varieties

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104
Q

What 5 grapes represent the bulk of red & rosé of Cotes de Provence?

A
  • Cinsault
  • Grenache
  • Mourvèdre
  • Syrah
  • Tibouren (local, garrigue scented)
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105
Q

What are the important climats of Hermitage?

A
  • La Chapelle
  • L’Hermite
  • Le Méal
  • Les Bressards
  • Gréffieux
  • Beaume
  • Péléat
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106
Q

What is unique about the wines of Chateau de Beaucastel?

A
  • Dominated by Mourvèdre

- Produced from every authorized variety

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107
Q

What are the two major cities of the Northern Rhone?

A

Vienne & Valence

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108
Q

Where is Bandol AOP located?

A

Provence

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109
Q

Where is the Bellet AOP?

A

Provence

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110
Q

Describe the white still wines of Limoux.

A

Based on Chard, Chenin, and Mauzac

-Must be barrel fermented

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111
Q

What color wines does Cassis AOP produce?

A

Red, white, rosé

-Clairette and Marsanne account for the better wines

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112
Q

What are the grapes of Madiran?

A

Based on Tannat, plus CF, CS, and Fer

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113
Q

When was Vinsobres promoted from CDR-Villages?

A

2006

R: 50% Grenache

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114
Q

What 4 appellations shared CD PAPE’s min potential ABV for reds?

A
  • Gigondas
  • Vacqueyras
  • Beaume-de-Venise
  • Vinsobres
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115
Q

What is Rolle?

A

A local synonym for Italian Vermentino in Bellet AOP

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116
Q

Where was micro-oxygenation developed? Why?

A

Madiran

-Patrick Ducournau developed micro-oxygenation in the 1990s to soften the blow of Tannat

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117
Q

What is the production method for Muscat de Beaume-de-Venise AOP?

A

Fermentation is arrested through mutage

-adding pure grape spirit to arrest fermentation in a proportion of 5-10%

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118
Q

What does the Papel Crest indicate? What does the “La Mitrale” indicate? Who first released an estate-bottled CDP wine?

A
  • It indicates that the wines were bottled in the area and they are a member of the Federation
  • It indicates that they are a member of the SIDVAOC
  • Ch. La Nerthe released the first estate-bottled CDP wines in 1785
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119
Q

What was phylloxera’s doorway to France? When?

A

Lirac - 1863

120
Q

Who are the 3 producers helping with the resurgence of Condrieu?

A
  • Georges Varnay
  • Yves Cuilleron
  • André Perret
121
Q

What color wines may CDR and CDR-Villages be?

A

Both - red, white, rosé

122
Q

What color wines does Cornas produce? From what grapes?

A

Red only - 100% Syrah

123
Q

Where is Monbazillac AOP?

A

Bergerac

124
Q

What is rimage?

A

Local term for vintage in Banyuls

125
Q

What color wines (what grapes) are produced under the Ajaccio AOP?

A

Red/Rosé - min 40% Sciacarello

White - min 80% Vermentino

126
Q

What color wines does Gigondas produce?

A

Red & Rosé

  • min 50% Grenache
  • Typically blended w/Syrah & Mourvèdre
  • Other Rhone varieties may be planted - up to max 10% (except Carignan)
127
Q

Where and what is Marcillac AOP?

A

SW France (East of Cahors)

min 90% Fer (red)

128
Q

Where are the Rhone River’s headwaters?

A

Switzerland

129
Q

Where is Jurançon AOP?

A

Pyrénées-Atlantique department, in the SW of France

Blanc: Min. 50% combined Gros Manseng and/or Petit Manseng
Accessory Varieties: Lauzet, Courbu, Petit Courbu, and Camaralet de Lasseube

  • Blanc Sec
  • Blanc “Vendanges Tardives” (VT): Petit Manseng and Gros Manseng
130
Q

What styles can be Rivesaltes AOP?

A
  • Ambré (Amber)
  • Tuilé (Tawny)
  • Grenat (Red)
  • Rosé
  • Rancio
131
Q

What colors can Hermitage(N.R) be? From what grapes?

A

Red - Syrah, max 15% combined Marsanne, Roussanne
White - Marsanne and/or Roussanne
Vin de Paille - Marsanne and/or Roussanne

132
Q

What appellation was formerly known as Cotes du Tricastin?

A

Grignan-les-Adhémar AOP (S. Rhone) North

-Rebranded in 2010 to avoid unsavory association with Tricastin nuclear plant

133
Q

When was Gigondas promoted from CDR-Villages AOP?

A

1971

134
Q

What was Fronton AOP formerly known as?

A

Côtes de Frontonnais

  • R/R: 40% Negrette
135
Q

What AOP is based on Gamay, Aligoté, and Chardonnay in the Rhone Valley?

A

Châtillon-en-Diois AOP (N.R) South

  • Red & Rosé - Gamay based
  • Whites - based on Chard & Aligoté
136
Q

What is the only permitted method to make rosé for still wines in France?

A

saignage

137
Q

What is the most notable sweet wine appellation of Bergerac?

A

Monbazillac AOP

138
Q

What variety is Rivesaltes Grenat?

A

Grenache Noir

139
Q

Where is Fitou AOP? When was it promoted?

A

Languedoc
-1948 - one of the region’s oldest appellations

R: Carignan + GSM

140
Q

Where is Malepère AOP? What color wines are produced there?

A
  • Languedoc (Close to Limoux)
  • Red - min 50% Merlot
  • Rosé - min 50% CF
  • Promoted in 2006
141
Q

How large is Chateau Grillet?

A

3.5ha

142
Q

What sparkling AOP of the Northern Rhone allows for the ancestrale method? What is the min % varietal?

A

Clairette de Die AOP

-min 75% Muscat à Petit Grains

143
Q

What color dry wines can be Gaillac AOP?

A

Red, white & rosé

  • Red blends - Duras, Fer, Syrah w/ small allotment of Bordeaux grapes
  • White - Mauzac, Muscadelle, and Len de l’El
144
Q

What styles are the wines of Jurançon and of what grapes?

A

Blanc - Gros Manseng

Blanc (passerillage) - Petit Manseng

Also allowed: Petit Courbu, Camaralet, Lauzet

145
Q

Where is the Minervois AOP?

A

Languedoc
W: Bourboulenc, Grenache Blanc
R/R: Grenache, Lladoner Pelut, Syrah, Mourvedre

NB: “Minervois La Liviniere” (1999); R: GSM, Carignan, Cinsault

146
Q

What are the eligible communes for Rasteau AOP?

A
  • Rasteau
  • Cairanne
  • Sablet
147
Q

Who is the largest producer of Côte-Rôtie?

A

E. Guigal

148
Q

What are fortified wine appellations of the Languedoc?

A
  • Muscat de Mireval AOP
  • Muscat de Lunel AOP
  • Muscat de St-Jean-de-Minervois AOP
  • Muscat de Frontignan (most common - may be either: vin doux naturel or vin de liqueur)

*Muscat a petit Grains

149
Q

Where is Domaine de Triennes located?

A

Coteaux Varois en Provence

*Released as “Vin De Pays”

150
Q

Where is Ventoux/ Luberon/ Cotes du Vivarais? Color of wines?

A

S. Rhone - red, rosé & white

151
Q

What region of the N. Rhone can produce Vin de Paille?

A

Hermitage

152
Q

What does Maury AOP(Roussillon) produce?

A
  • Still dry red
  • Vin doux naturel - Grenache (Noir, Blanc, Gris)

Same as Rivesaltes styles:

  • Blanc
  • Ambré
  • Grenat
  • Tuilé
  • Hors d’Age
  • Rancio
153
Q

Who invented mutage (stop fermentation)?

A

Arnaud de Villeneuve, in the 13th century, in Rivesaltes

-He was a physician who used it for medicinal elixirs

154
Q

What is the min ABV of CDP?

A

min 12.5% ABV - highest in France for dry AOP wines

155
Q

When did phylloxera hit CDP?

A

1863 - S. Rhone was the first quality region to be struck in France

156
Q

What was the first French AOC and when?

A

Chateauneuf-du-Pape in 1936

  • Following phylloxera, wine fraud took hold in France
  • CDP growers set/imposed rules for production to combat fraud
157
Q

What is arzelle?

A
  • This topsoil that is rich w/powdery, decomposed micah

- Near the commune of Condrieu

158
Q

What are bonbonnes?

A

Glass jugs used to age Rivesaltes oxidately

159
Q

What is the S. Rhone’s northernmost appellation?

A

Grignan-les-Adhémar AOP

160
Q

Fitou is embeded within which larger region?

A

Corbières AOP

161
Q

What colors and what grapes are used for Vin de Corse AOP?

A
  • Red & Rosé - Nielluccio and Sciacarello are blended w/Grenache, Barbarossa, and a host of Rhone grapes
  • White - blends based on Vermentino & Ugni Blanc
162
Q

Côte-Rôtie is located behind which town?

A

Ampuis

163
Q

What are the two slopes located nearest Ampuis and considered the heart of Côte-Rôtie?

A
  • Côte Brune - stronger, more assertive

- Côte Blonde - yields softer, more alluring wines

164
Q

How long must Bandol AOP wines must age in wood?

A

Min 18 months in wood

165
Q

What 4 AOPs are located on the Drôme River?

A
  • Coteaux de Die AOP
  • Cremant de Die AOP
  • Clairette de Die AOP
  • Châtillon-en-Diois AOP
166
Q

What color wines can Chateauneuf-du-Pape be?

A

Red & White
Permitted Grape Varieties: Grenache (Noir, Gris and Blanc), Mourvèdre, Syrah, Cinsault, Counoise, Bourboulenc, Roussanne, Brun Argenté (Vaccarèse), Clairette, Clairette Rosé, Muscardin, Picardan, Piquepoul (Noir, Gris and Blanc), Terret Noir

167
Q

What color wines does Bellet AOP produce?

A

Red, white, & rosé

-More promising whites: Rolle/Vermentino

168
Q

What is the name of the hour-glass shaped bottle for Provence wines?

A

“Skittle” bottles

169
Q

What are Limoux reds based on?

A

Merlot based

170
Q

What are the varieties of Cahors?

A

min 70% Malbec, + Tannat and Merlot

171
Q

What are “galets”?

A

“pudding stones” deposited in CDP

  • made of quartzite
  • they serve to store heat
172
Q

Where is Ajaccio AOP?

A

Corsica

173
Q

What 3 types of bubbles are permitted in Limoux?

A

-Blanquette de Limoux (min 90% Mauzac)

-Crémant de Limoux - traditional method
(Chard & Chenin + max 20% Mauzac and Pinot Noir)

-Limoux Methode Ancestrale (100% Mauzac)

174
Q

What is the vin doux naturel AOP of Corisca?

A

Muscat du Cap Corse AOP

175
Q

When was Beaume-de-Venise promoted from CDR-Villages?

A

2005

176
Q

What portion of Rhone’s wines are released as Côtes du Rhone AOP?

A

2/3

177
Q

What grape’s name means “far from sight” in the old d’Oc tongue? Why? Where is it a principal grape?

A

Len de l’El - conveys the cluster’s long stalks and distance to the “eye”, or bud from which they sprouted
-Gaillac

178
Q

What is Collioure AOP?

A

Unfortified red, rosé, and white appellation for Banyuls production
Blanc: Grenache Blanc, Grenache Gris, Macabeu, Marsanne, Roussanne, Tourbat (Malvoisie du Roussillon), and Vermentino
Rouge/Rosé: Grenache, Mourvèdre, Syrah, and Carignan

179
Q

Where is Montravel AOP? What styles of wine?

A

Dry reds or whites from Bergerac

180
Q

Where is La Landonne? Who are the two main producers?

A

Côte Rôtie

  • E. Guigal
  • Rene Rostaing
181
Q

What is le mistral?

A
  • Cold, dry wind
  • Greatly affects the S. Rhone and Provence
  • Affects the N. Rhone in winter and spring
  • Prevents mould and mildew
182
Q

What are the permitted methods for oxidative aging in Rivestaltes?

A

Glass bonbonnes in the sun or solera

183
Q

What are the main grapes and styles of Monbazillac? Is machine harvest allowed?

A
  • Blanc/SGN (Bortrytis)
  • Bordeaux varieties
  • Muscadelle does very well here in the sandy soils
  • Hand Harvesting
  • Botrytis = multiple tries
184
Q

What color wines (what grapes) are permitted in Fitou AOP?

A

Red - usually dominated by Carignan (and Grenache)

185
Q

What is Muscat de Rivesaltes AOP?

A

Vin Doux Naturel made exclusively of Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains and Muscat d’Alexandrie

186
Q

What styles of wines are Bergerac AOP?

A

Red, white, & rosé

  • From Bordeaux varietals
  • “Sec” denotes dry whites
187
Q

What are the appellations of the N. Rhone?

A
  • Côte-Rôtie
  • St-Joseph
  • Hermitage
  • Crozes-Hermitage
  • Cornas
  • Condrieu
  • Chateau Grillet
  • St-Péray
  • Crémant de Die
  • Clairette de Die
  • Coteaux de Die
  • Châtillon-en-Dioise
  • Cotes du Rhones
188
Q

What is Jaboulet’s premiere wine?

A

-La Chapelle (of Hermitage)

189
Q

What is the major soil of Gigondas?

A

Red clay alluvial soils

190
Q

What colors can Vacqueyras be?

A
  • Usually red - min 50% Grenache (generally rustic)

- Small amounts of white and rosé

191
Q

What colors, from what grapes, can Lirac be?

A

Red, white, & rosé

  • Grenache (Blanc/Noir)
  • Whites may see significant proportions of Clairette and Bourboulenc
192
Q

What are the most important AOP’s in southwestern France?

A
  • Cahors
  • Madiran
  • Jurançon
  • Gaillac
193
Q

What is the only appellation outside of Bordeaux to publish a ranking of Grand Cru Classé estates?

A

Côtes de Provence

  • Originally classified in 1955
  • 23 estates
194
Q

What is rancio?

A

French and Spanish term for a fortified wine that has been maderized– exposed to direct sunlight

195
Q

What % does the S. Rhone account for in the Rhone Valley?

A

95%, overwhelmingly devoted to red

196
Q

What appellations in the N. Rhone allow for blending Marsanne and Roussanne w/Syrah?

A
  • Hermitage (15%)
  • Crozes-Hermitage (15%)
  • St-Joseph (10%)
197
Q

What color wines can Côte-Rôtie be? From what grapes?

A
  • Red only

- Syrah, max 20% Viognier

198
Q

What and where is Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh AOP?

A

SW/Dordogne;

Sec/Demi-sweet/ Sweet-Based on Petit Manseng, Petit Courbu, and Arrufiac

199
Q

Where is Luberon? Color of wines?

A

S. Rhone - red, rosé, white

200
Q

What regions are located in the basque influenced Pyrénees-Atlantique department?

A
  • Jurançon
  • Irouléguy
  • Béarn
201
Q

Where is the Maury AOP?

A

Roussillon

202
Q

What are the appellations of Provence?

A
  • Côtes de Provence
  • Coteaux d’Aix-en-Provence
  • Les Baux de Provence
  • Coteaux Varois en Provence
  • Bandol
  • Bellet
  • Cassis
  • Palette
203
Q

What areas of the N. Rhone are dominated by heavier, clay soils?

A
  • St-Joseph
  • Crozes-Hermitage
  • St-Péray
204
Q

What is the aging requirement for Rivesaltes Ambré?

A

Aged in an oxidative environment until at least March 1 of the 3rd year following harvest

205
Q

What is the main grape of “traditionnel” Banyuls AOP?

A

min 50% Grenache Noir

206
Q

What color can Vinsobres be?

A

Red - min 50% Grenache Noir

207
Q

Where and what is Fronton AOP?

A

West of Gaillac

Blended reds & rosés
-min 50% Negrette

208
Q

What appellations in France mandate Tannat’s use?

A

Min 50%

  • Madiran
  • Béarn
209
Q

How many sub-appellations are in the Languedoc AOP? What are the most prominent?

A
  • 16
  • Terrasses du Larzac (only R: GSM, Carignan)
  • Le Clape (R: GSM / W: Bourbolenc, Grenache Blanc
  • Pic-St-Loup (R/R: GSM)
210
Q

Who moved the center of Christian Europe from Rome to Avignon?

A

Pope Clement V

211
Q

What was the first AOC established in France? When did this occur?

A

CNDP; 1936

212
Q

Describe the climatic conditions of the Northern Rhone

A

Benefits from the southernly position but experiences greater seasonal temperature shifts, more rainfall, and few hours of sunshine than the southern appellations

213
Q

When do the Mistral winds affect the Northern Rhone?

A

During winter and spring

214
Q

What is arzelle? Where is it found?

A

A thin topsoil rich with powdery, decomposed mica; Near the commune of Condrieu

215
Q

What are the soils of Cote Rotie, Condrieu and Hermitage?

A

Heat retaining granitic and schistous - ARZELLE

216
Q

What are the soils of St Joseph, Crozes Hermitage and St Peray?

A

Heavier in clay

217
Q

Cote Rotie allows up to ___% of what white grape?

A

20% Viognier

218
Q

Which two Northern Rhone appellations allow up to 15% Marsanne/Roussanne?

A

Hermitage and Crozes Hermitage

219
Q

What Northern Rhone appellation allows up to 10% Marsanne/Roussanne?

A

St Joseph

220
Q

Name 6 climats of Hermitage

A

L’Hermite, le Meal, les Bessards, Greffieux, Beaume, Peleat

221
Q

Where is Crozes Hermitage situated?

A

Behind the hill of Hermitage

222
Q

Which sub appellation of Northern Rhone has the warmest climate?

A

Cornas

223
Q

Which red wine producing appellations in northern Rhone can also produce white wines? Which cannot?

A
  • St Jospeh, Crozes Hermitage, Hermitage;

* Cornas, Cote Rotie;

224
Q

What are the only two permitted grapes of St Peray?

A

Marsanne and Roussanne

225
Q

What does Marsanne offer to a blend?

A

Broader, oily texture and marzipan character

226
Q

What does Roussanne offer to a blend?

A

Acidity and waxy minerality

227
Q

Clairette de Die made in the methode dioise ancestrale must be 75% of what grape?

A

Muscat a Petit Grains

228
Q

Clairette de Die made in the methode ancestrale has a minimum RS of ___?

A

35 g/l

229
Q

Clairette de Die made in the methode traditionelle has a maximum RS of ___?

A

15 g/l

230
Q

What are the grapes of Chatillon en Diois?

A

Gamay, Aligote, Chardonnay

231
Q

What does Grenache offer to a blend?

A

Body, sweet fruit and warmth

232
Q

What do Mourvedre and Syrah offer to a blend?

A

Structure and depth of color

233
Q

What does Cinsault offer to a blend?

A

Finesse and freshness

234
Q

Describe the climatic factors of the Southern Rhone.

A

The mistral blows (fiercely) across the southern valley; Hot summers are tempered by significant diurnal swings; Mild winters follow usually heavy autumnal rains.

235
Q

What are the primary soils of Southern Rhone?

A

Alluvial soils (sand, gravel, clay based) over a limestone subsoil

236
Q

What is the required minimum ABV for CNDP?

A

12.5% (This is the highest in all of France)

237
Q

What do AOP regulations of CNDP mandate to safeguard against under ripeness?

A

Producers must declassify or discard at least 2% of harvested grapes (“le rapé”)

238
Q

Name the five promoted CdR villages

A

Rasteau, Gigondas, Vaqueyras, Beaumes de Venise, Vinsobres

239
Q

What are the soils of Gigondas?

A

Red clay, alluvial

240
Q

Gigondas, Vacqueyras, Beaumes de Venise and Vinsorbes all have a minimum ABV of ___%

A

12.5%

241
Q

What is the only communal appellation exclusively for rose wines in France?

A

Tavel AOP

242
Q

What are the wines of Tavel based on?

A

Grenache

243
Q

Name the 2 appellations of Southern Rhone for vin doux naturel

A

Rasteau and Muscat de Beaumes de Venise

244
Q

Describe the difference in wines from Rasteau and Muscat Beaumes de Venise

A

Muscat BDV is typically fresher and more aromatic whereas Rasteau wines show more tawny flavors

245
Q

A label from Rasteau reads “ambre”. What does this indicate?

A

A WHITE VDN wine displaying more oxidative character and subject to at least 3 years of aging prior to release.

246
Q

A label from Rasteau reads “tuile”. What does this indicate?

A

A RED VDN wine displaying more oxidative character and subject to at least 3 years of aging prior to release.

247
Q

A label from Rasteau reads “blanc”. What does this indicate?

A

A white VDN wine that is fresher in nature

248
Q

A label from Rasteau reads “grenat”. What does this indicate?

A

A red VDN wine that is fresher in nature

249
Q

A label from Rasteau reads “Hors d’age”. What does this indicate?

A

a VDN wine that has been matured for at least 5 years prior to release

250
Q

A label from Rasteau reads “rancio”. What does this indicate?

A

A VDN wine that has been deliberately made in an oxidative and maderized style and the wine has been left in open barrels, exposed to the sun and high temperatures

251
Q

What Southern Rhone appellation was formerly considered part of the Lanuedoc? When did the transfer take place?

A

Costieres de Nimes in 2004

252
Q

What style of wine and from what grape is Clairette de Bellegarde(S.R)?

A

Dry whites from 100% Clairette

253
Q

Name the newest appellation in Southern Rhone. When was it added?

A

Duche d’Uzes in 2013
Blanc: Min. 40% Viognier, min. 30% Grenache Blanc, plus Clairette, Ugni Blanc, and a max. 20% combined Roussanne, Marsanne, and Vermentino
Rosé: Min. 50% Grenache Noir, min. 20% Syrah, plus Carignan, Cinsault, and Mourvèdre
Rouge: Min. 40% Syrah, min. 20% Grenache Noir, plus Carignan, Cinsault, and Mourvèdre

254
Q

2 sections of Fitou AOP. What AOP are they within?

A

Fitou Maritime & Fitou Montagneux; Corbières

255
Q

Unfortified red, white, and roses wines from Banyuls are labeled as:

A

Collioure AOP

256
Q

Subzones of Languedoc?

A

Geographical Designations: Cabrières, Grés de Montpellier, La Méjanelle, Montpeyroux, Pézenas, Quatourze, Saint-Christol, Saint-Drézéry, Saint-Georges-d’Orques, Saint-Saturnin, Sommières

257
Q

Where is St. Christol?

A

Sub-appellation of Gres de Montpellier in Languedoc

258
Q

Where is St. Drézéry?

A

Sub-appellation of Gres de Montpellier in Languedoc

259
Q

Where is St. Georges d’Orques?

A

Sub-appellation of Gres de Montpellier in Languedoc

260
Q

Where is La Méjanelle?

A

Sub-appellation of Gres de Montpellier in Languedoc

261
Q

Where is Cabardes AOP?

A

Languedoc

Rosé/R: Min. 40% combined Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Merlot; min. 40% combined Grenache and Syrah
Accessory Varieties: Cot, Cinsault, and Fer

262
Q

Where is Malepere AOP?

A

Languedoc

Rosé: Min. 50% Cabernet Franc, min. 20% combined Cabernet Sauvignon, Cinsault, Cot, Grenache, and Merlot
Rouge: Min. 50% Merlot, min. 20% combined Cabernet Franc and Cot; plus Cinsault, Cabernet Sauvignon, Grenache, and Lladoner Pelut

263
Q

Where is Picpoul de Pinet AOP?

A

Languedoc

W: 100% Picpoul Blanc

264
Q

Where is Collioure AOP?

A

Roussillon

265
Q

Where is Rivesaltes AOP?

A

Roussillon

266
Q

Where is Muscat de Rivesaltes AOP?

A

Roussillon

267
Q

Where is Banyuls AOP/ MAURY AOP?

A

Roussillon

268
Q

Where is Chatillon en Diois AOP?

A

Northern Rhone Valley

269
Q

Where is Grignan-les-Adhemar AOP?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

270
Q

Where is Cotes du Vivarais AOP?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

271
Q

Where is Duche d’Uzes AOP?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

272
Q

Where is Vinsobres AOP?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

273
Q

Where is Costieres de Nimes AOP?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

274
Q

Where is Clairette de Bellegarde AOP?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

275
Q

Where is Luberon AOP?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

276
Q

Where is Ventoux AOP?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

277
Q

Where is Bearn AOP?

A

Southwest France

278
Q

Where is Bergerac AOP?

A

Southwest France

279
Q

Where is Brulhois AOP?

A

Southwest France

280
Q

Where is Buzet AOP?

A

Southwest France

281
Q

Where is Coteaux du Quercy?

A

Southwest France

282
Q

Where is Cotes de Montravel?

A

Southwest France

283
Q

Where is Cotes du Marmandais?

A

Southwest France

284
Q

Where is Cotes de Millau?

A

Southwest France

285
Q

Where is Entraygues-Le Fel?

A

Southwest France

286
Q

Where is Estaing?

A

Southwest France

287
Q

Where is Floc de Gascogne?

A

Southwest France

288
Q

Where is Fronton?

A

Southwest France

289
Q

Where is Gaillac?

A

Southwest France

290
Q

Where is Irouleguy?

A

Southwest France

291
Q

Where is Juracon?

A

Southwest France

292
Q

Where is Saint Mont?

A

Southwest France

293
Q

Where is Saint-Sardos?

A

Southwest France

294
Q

Where is Tursan?

A

Southwest France

295
Q

Cremant de Limoux AOP?

A

Encépagement: Max. 90% combined Chardonnay (min. 50%) and Chenin Blanc (10-40%); plus max. 20% combined Mauzac and Pinot Noir (max. 15%)

*Mousseux Blanc/Rosé

CMS Advanced Somm Old (42 decks)

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