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Head and Neck > Rhinology > Flashcards

Rhinology Flashcards

1
Q

what is acommon nasal histroy questins

A

nasal obstrucion
nasal discharge
epistaxis
facial pain
nasal deformity
anosmia
sneezing

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2
Q

past medical hisotry for nasal issues

A

astham/ asprin sensitivity
nals surgers
nasal trama

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3
Q

what occupation help are risk for nasal issues

A

woodworkers

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4
Q

what social issuteroy factrso should be taken into condisuder for nasal issues

A

cociaine use
alchol.
smoking

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5
Q

what are ways to examine nose

A

flexile endocope
nasal endocpe -for lokgn back

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6
Q

blood investigations for nasal polyps

A

rast - allergen tests
ace - raised in autimmiuen disease
esr- inflation
fbc
anca - autoimmune conditions

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7
Q

what other scans can be used for nose

A

mri
ct
skin tests

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8
Q

what is rhinomanometry

A

measures airflow and pressure in the nose

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9
Q

how do skin tests work

A

use contorl - sailien
use postive conorl - histaem
inkect small amount of particles into skin

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10
Q

what can be seen in ct imaging

A

sinuses and look for nsals polpys

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11
Q

where is a septal hemaoma found

A

witin cartilag eof septum of nose and can bulge out into nostrils

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12
Q

danger of septal hemaotam

A

can reudce blood flwo leading to necrosi of tissue and sepsis

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13
Q

what contidions can cause nasial po;ys

A

cf
allergic fungul sinitis
churg strauss sydrome - inflamtory disease o small and medim sized blood vessels

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14
Q

investigion for cystic firbos

A

sweat test

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15
Q

what are you testing in nasla smear

A

mircobiolgy
eosiphils
neurotpilsy

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16
Q

when should you use coronal ct san

A

tofind polpys

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17
Q

treatment for nasal polpsy

A

oral and nasal steroid with lower biopiality
asprin desensitization
treat allergic rhinitis and asthma

18
Q

surgical treamtent for nasal po;lys

A

endoscopic sinus serugy
medical polpyecotmy
medical tratmenta logn temr

19
Q

what to do is sinuits is acute and mild

A

treat with just algeisa

20
Q

what to do with moderate sinusitius

A

offer tropical steriods and monitor effect

21
Q

what to do with severe acute sinusitis

A

antibiotics
tropical steroids

22
Q

when to refre if acutre sevre sinisuts does not have a effect

A

after 48 hours

23
Q

diagnosi cirestse for acutre sinisutis

A

nasal blockage or obstuction or severe nasal discharge
with or without facial pain and reduction in smell

24
Q

after what period is acutre sinsuis able to be disagoined moderate or sevre

A

5 days of symptoms

25
Q

causes of acutre bacterial rhionositus

A

s. pneumoniae
h. influezna

26
Q

what is bacterial treatment for acutre rhiosinuetiis

A

b lactalms - peniclin and cephalopsoin
macrolides - clarithromycin

27
Q

what are the diagnoist cirteiar for chonc sinusitis

A

atleast 2 for 12 weeks consecutive
nasal bostion
faicla pain
nasal driainge
hyposmia / anosmia - change in sencre of smell
objective evidence on physical examination

28
Q

way of diagnosi chronic cyantis

A

ct of brain

29
Q

what is the treatment for sinusitus that obstucts eye

A

iv antiboid adn emergy draige surgyer

30
Q

danger of frontal sinsu enlargemtne

A

they can damage brain if become too larger

31
Q

diplopia

A

double viiosn

32
Q

what is ethomidal mucoscele

A

benign cysts that grows in ethmoidal sinodi

33
Q

treatmet for ethmoidal mucoscle

A

fess - functial endocopic sinual surgery

34
Q

epistaxis

A

nose bleed

35
Q

cause of node bleed

A

infectin
tranua
allergy
hypertion adn vasuce disease
heridatroy hemorrhagic telangiectaisa
blood dyscrasisa
trophic rhinitis
tumour
congentital

36
Q

what physical exam for nose bleed

A

anteri rhiniocoy
endoscopic rhinosocpy

37
Q

treatemt for non stop bleeding of nose

A

antier nas al pakc
postial nals packing

38
Q

long term treatmetn forepisastic

A

artery ligation , at certian levles

laser coagulation
young’s procedure (closing nose for period of time then reopeing nostrels
septodermoplasty - remove prat of nose that frequency bleeds and replace it with a skin grwath

39
Q

type of nositl caner that can bleed profusely

A

angiofirbroma

40
Q

who can get angiofirboma

A

men who are in teens, does not effect women

41
Q

how to trat angiofibroma

A

surger with pre surgial embolism

42
Q
A

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