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Head and Neck > Pediatric ent > Flashcards

Pediatric ent Flashcards

1
Q

what to ask in hearing loss

A

ear symptons incluing pain
speech delvelopen
school performace
behaviour problesms

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2
Q

what is the cuase of neonatal hearing loss

A

maternal perinatla infections
delivery issues
neonatal infections
growth, imunisation, passive smoking, breast and bottle feeding

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3
Q

what are some objective hearing tests

A

tympanometry
otoacoustic emmisions
auditory brian stem response

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4
Q

what are some subjective hearing tests

A

vra, distraciton visual reinforma auidmary
performance
pta - pure tone audiary

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5
Q

what hearing test is most sutible for a child aged 6- 18 monts

A

distraction test

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6
Q

what hearing test is most sutible for a child aged 12- 3 years

A

visual reinfored auidmery

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7
Q

what type of test is most paparte for a child aged 3-6 yers

A

play audiometry

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8
Q

what does the distidcatio test invovle

A

having a quiet toy infornt of child and playing a noisy toy behind child to see if they turn around

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9
Q

what is visula reinfaiotmen auidmery

A

where you hav ea child turn ot a sound they get a viusl reinfoae such a puppet

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10
Q

how does tympanomety work

A

measuer the pressure of the ear

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11
Q

what is type a, b and c tympanometyr results

A

a - nomral
b - reduced middle ear pressure indication perforation
c - negative middle ear pressure curve

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12
Q

in what condition does the chilid have to be for auditory brain stem repsonse

A

unconcious

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13
Q

how is an auditory brain stem response triggered

A

thorugy conenctrs connected to the child brain wihc measures the response to hearing stiumusl

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14
Q

what are the concerns for otitis media with effusion

A

learing development
behavioural issues
cognative impairmet

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15
Q

what are risk factors for otitis media with effusion

A

bottle feeding
materal smoking
day care
cleft palate
downs syndomre

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16
Q

what is an example of autoinflaton for otisi media

A

otovent

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17
Q

after what period of time should a grommet be inserted

A

3- 6 months

18
Q

treatmetn for otitis externa

A

aural micorsuion
tropical antibiotns
water precautions

19
Q

most common otits media bactiera

A

haemophilus influenza
strep pneumonia
moraxella catarrhalis

20
Q

treatemt for bactreial otis meida

A

co amoxiclav

21
Q

where can acute otits media spread to

A

mastoid process

22
Q

complications of otitis media

A

hearing loss
tympanic membrane perforation
labryinthits
menigitis
mastodiits
intracrainal abcess
sinus thromboisi
facial nerve pralsys
cholestematoma

23
Q

signs of cholestema

A

chornic discharing ehar
hearing loss despite grommits

24
Q

treatemetn for cholestema

A

mastoidectoy

25
Q

caues of snoring in peadiatrics

A

slep apnea, night terrs,

26
Q

tests for nose fucntion

A

cold spatula - airflow
antiero rhinosmcy
tonsillar hypenrts - so lok at oropharnx
otoscopy
ascessment of speech

27
Q

what is a nomarl rhinitsi epidose

A

8 per year

28
Q

what are nasla polyps assoiced with

A

cf

29
Q

symptoms of nals polpys

A

middle ear dysfcion, rinitis

30
Q

what is a blocked nose called in brith

A

choanal atresia

31
Q

treatemet fo epistaix

A

antiboic oiments
siler nitrates
diathermy (caterlisation)

32
Q

after what points should you head to hospital with nsoe bleed

A

15 minetes

33
Q

caues of bacteira in tonsilits

A

b haemaltic strep b

34
Q

virus cuase of tonsilitis

A

ebv

35
Q

rare conplicaotn of tonsilits

A

glomerulonephritis - inflmation of kidneys

36
Q

treatmet for tonsilits

A

supportive or antibiotics

37
Q

cause of airway issues in children

A

large tonsils,
large tounge
short neck
large floppy epigotis
sub glottis narrowed

38
Q

epigltois

A

very rate inflatom of epiglotis

39
Q

what is the singis of larngytmalacida

A

strugglign to breaht

40
Q

treatmetn of larynogmalica

A

intubation

Head and Neck (11 decks)

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