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Microbiology > Review Sheet #7: Fungi, Algae, and Protists > Flashcards

Review Sheet #7: Fungi, Algae, and Protists Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Mycellium

A

A matt of hyphae

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2
Q

Actinomycetes

A
  • Gram +
  • High G+C content
  • Bacteria that act like golgi
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3
Q

Exospores

A

Produced by asexual sporulation

Formed outside cell wall

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4
Q

Endospores

A

Formed inside cell wall

By sexual sporulation (?)

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5
Q

Classes in Eumycota (6 total)

A
  1. Basidiomycota
  2. Zygomycota
  3. Ascomycota
  4. Chitrids
  5. Glomeromycota
  6. Microspora
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6
Q

Basidiomycota

A
  • Typical mushroom
  • Smuts, rusts, and plant pathogens
  • Basidiospores in gills
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7
Q

Zygomycota

A

Bread mold

Spores have thick, black coats

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8
Q

Ascomycota

A
  • Spores surrounded by ascus (sac)
  • Yellow mold
  • Morell, yeast, pombe
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9
Q

Chytrids

A
  • Live underwater
  • Parasites
  • Flagella
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10
Q

Glomeromycota

A
  • Symbiotic with plants

- Mycorhizae

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11
Q

Microspora

A
  • Used to be considered protists
  • Pathogens
  • Spring loaded polar filament
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12
Q

Streptomyces makes…

A

Antibiotics

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13
Q

4 important actinomycetes

A
  1. Mycobacterium
  2. Soil Bacteria
  3. Streptomyces
  4. Bifidobacterium
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14
Q

Mycobacterium

A

Acid fast (mycolic acid)

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15
Q

Soil Bacteria

A

Gives dirt its smell

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16
Q

Bifidobacterium

A

Probiotic

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17
Q

Mycology

A

Study of Fungi

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18
Q

Thallus

A
  • Form/Body of organism

- Not a phallus

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19
Q

Dikaryotic

A
  • Stage of sexual reproduction

- Nuclei share cytoplasm, no fusion

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20
Q

5 Characteristics of Eumycota

A
  1. Eukaryote
  2. Saprophyte
  3. Sexual and Asexual Reproduction
  4. No photosynthesis
  5. Chitin in cell wall
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21
Q

Saprophyte

A

Secretes enzymes onto dead organic material, then absorbs soluble product

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22
Q

Coencytic Hyphae

A

Nuclei sharing 1 cytoplasm

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23
Q

Septate Hyphae

A

Hyphae have divisions between cells

24
Q

Protist Classification (3)

A
  1. Sarcomastigophora
  2. Apicomplexa
  3. Euglenoids
25
Q

4 types of sexual sporulation

A
  1. Arthrospores
  2. Sporangiospores
  3. Conidiospores
  4. Blastospores
26
Q

Arthrospores

A

Hyphae fragments —> Spores

27
Q

Sporangiospores

A

Sac of spores surrounded by membrane

28
Q

Conidiospores

A

Naked chains of spores

29
Q

Blastospores

A

Made by budding

30
Q

Rhizoidal Hyphae

A

Hyphae growing down like roots

31
Q

Aerial Hyphae

A

Hyphae pointing up

32
Q

Fungal YM Shift

A

Switching modes of growth Yeast/Mycelium

33
Q

2 types of growth in fungal YM shift

A
  1. Yeast

2. Mycelium

34
Q

Sexual Sporulation in 3 types of Eumycota

A
  1. Basidiomycota
  2. Zygomycota
  3. Ascomycota
35
Q

Cell Division in S. Cervisiae

A

Budding

36
Q

Cell Division in S Pombe

A

Fission

37
Q

Mycorhizae

A

Fungi-roots into the body of plant. Grows on/into plant

38
Q

Plasmodium

A

Structure of mold, no cell wall. Cytoplasm

39
Q

Fruiting body

A

Part of fungus that contains spores

40
Q

“Slug”

A

Slime mold on the move when nutrients scare

41
Q

Dictyostelium

A

Cellular slime molds
Amoeba
Slug

42
Q

Algae characteristics

A
  1. Eukaryote
  2. Oxygenic photosynthesis with chlorophyll
  3. Lacks vasculature system
43
Q

Phycology

A

Study of Algae

44
Q

Pyrenoid

A

Large Structure for Starch Storage inside chloroplast.

45
Q

Eyespot

A

Photosensitive

46
Q

Fragmentation

A

Each cell of a multicell organism can become a unique organism

47
Q

Green Algae

A
  1. Chlamydomonas

2. Volvox

48
Q

Chlamydoonas

A

1 cell, 2 flagella

Big eyespot

49
Q

Volvox

A

1,000 chlamy-like cells in a ball

50
Q

Golden-Brown/ Yellow-Green algae

A

Diatoms, Frustules

51
Q

Frustules

A

2-part protective coat

52
Q

Brown Algae

A
  • Kelp and other seaweed

- Each cell does own photosynthesis

53
Q

Red Algae

A
  • Deeper in Ocean
  • Makes Agar
  • Decreased light = lower wavelength = red
54
Q

2 specific green algae

A
  1. Chalmydomonas

2. Volvox

55
Q

2 algae important to plankton

A
  1. Diatoms

2. Dinoflaggelates

Microbiology (10 decks)

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