Review Sheet 5: Viruses Flashcards
3 Characteristics of Virus
- Acellular
- DNA or RNA
- Cannot replicate outside of a host cell
Phage
Virus that infects bacteria or archae
Virion
An individual virus particle
Capsid
Protein coat that surrounds nucleic acid
Nucleocapsid
A Nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat
Envelope
Some viruses have it, surrounded by membrane
Spike/Peplomar
Viral proteins embedded in envelope. Recognizes cell surface
2 Specific spike proteins
Hemaglutanin and Neuraminidase
Protomer
Individual Protein coat molecules
Receptor protein
Whatever virus binds to during adsorption
Viroid
Virus without capsid and only RNA
Nucleic Acids in Cells v. Viruses
Viruses have HMC as well as ATGC
Segmented/Nonsegmented
More than 1/ 1 nucleic acid molecule
of strands
+ (Sense) stranded same as mRNA
- (Anti-sense) opposite
4 Capsid Shapes
- Icosohedral
- Helical
- Binal
- Complex
5 Steps in Viral Reproduction
- Adsorption
- Entry into Host
- Synthesis of Phage Components
- Particle Assembly
- Virion Release
How Enveloped viruses enter host cell
Fusion
How non-enveloped viruses enter the host cell
Endocytosis or DNA injection (IE T4)
Polyproteins
1 Protein cut into smaller functional pieces
Replicative Viral DNA (RF)
Nucleic acid used to make copies. Inside host, not virus.
DNA Polymerase
(SS) DNA dependent (DS) DNA polymerase
RNA Polymerase
DNA Dependent RNA polymerase
Replicase
RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase
Reverse Transcriptase
RNA Dependent DNA (SS) Polymerase
