Review Session Flashcards
The _________-valent Polio vaccine has been replaced by the ______-valent vaccine.
tri; bi
__________ is no longer used for HBV due to lack of effectiveness.
Passive immunity (immunoglobulin)
What enzyme makes the HBV DNA genome?
HBV polymerase (a reverse transcriptase)
What is the window period?
It is the period after HBsAg and HBeAg fall and before anti-HBsAg rises. This is clinically important because a person might test negative for the HBV antigens and thus clinicians might think the patient didn’t get exposed to HBV. However, if anti-HBcAg is high (which usually rises before anti-HBsAg and anti-HBeAg) then you know they have been exposed to HBV and are recovering.
True or false: anti-HBcAg is protective.
False. Because the antigen is in the core, those antibodies cannot protect against re-infection.
Getting __________ predicts better likelihood of immune protection.
sick during a hepatitis infection
Does flucytosine affect DNA or RNA?
Both! Thus, it disrupts both mRNA and protein synthesis.
In general, the antifungals work more ____________ than the antibacterials.
slowly
Protozoans do not cause ______________.
eosinophilia (only helminths!)
_______________ can cause persistent diarrhea in healthy people.
Cyclospora
E. histolytica cysts typically have ______________.
four nuclei
The trophozoite form has only one nucleus.
There were only ____________ cases of amebic meningocencephalitis in the last 45 years.
~150
True or false: metronidazole is a luminal agent.
False. Because of its high absorption, it distributes to all tissues.
Malarial symptoms develop __________ after exposure.
less than two months
The ___________ form of sleeping sickness is milder because it is adapted to humans.
T. brucei gambiense
