Hospital Infection Control Flashcards
Many ______________ now have infection rates comparable to hospitals.
long-term care facilities
Hospital-acquired infections lead to almost _________ deaths per year.
100,000
In general, infections acquired in hospitals lead to _____________ as compared to health-care acquired and community-acquired infections.
increased mortality, length of admission, and cost
Most states have laws that _____________.
mandate reporting of hospital-acquired infections
What iatrogenic infections are considered “no pay” events?
- Urinary-catheter associated infections
- IV-associated infections
- Surgical site infections after CABG or elective procedures
Hand hygiene should be performed ______________.
before and after patient contact (even when wearing gloves)
Now, ___% of Staph. infections are due to MRSA.
60
(40% - 90% of coagulase-negative Gram-positive cocci are resistant to methicillin –hence why vancomycin is used for S. epidermidis.)
More than 30% of Enterococcus are resistant to ____________.
vancomycin
What is needed for contact precautions?
- Hand hygiene before and after
* Nonsterile gloves and gowns
MDR microbes have been shown to persist on surfaces for _________________.
up to 16 months in the case of Pseudomonas
Multivariate analysis has shown that ____________ is the strongest predictor of hospital-acquired infection.
environmental contamination
One study showed that ______________ become contaminated in 24% of cases of examinations of patients infected with VRE.
gloves, gown, and stethoscope
Even in cases where no patient contact occurred, VRE contamination on gloves was found in ______% of cases.
42
N-95 masks are required for ______________.
airborne precautions (TB, VZV)
When do you need to wash your hands with soap and water?
When they are visibly dirty or when you’ve had contact with a patient who might have an infection with spore-forming organisms (because alcohol-based gels have poor activity against spores)
