review part 3 (test 3)

Question 1

what is the role of the preoptic anterior nucleus?

Answer 1

senses heat and triggers the body to cool down

Question 2

What is the role of the posterior hypothalamic nucleus?

Answer 2

senses cold and triggers the body to warm up

Question 3

What is the role of the dorsomedial nucleus?

Answer 3

tells you when you’re hungry

Question 4

What is the role of the ventromedial nucleus?

Answer 4

tells you when you’re full

Question 5

What is the role of the paraventricular nucleus?

Answer 5

osmoregulation, parvocellular neurons that regulate adenohypophysis, magnocellular neurons that regulate the neurohypophysis, controls ANS via the hypothalamospinal (sympathetic) and dorsal longitudinal fasciculus (parasympathetic)

Question 6

what is the role of the suprachiasmatic nucleus?

Answer 6

master regulator of circadian clock (mostly through light stimulation)

Question 7

What is the role of the mamillary bodies?

Answer 7

helps convert short-term memories into long-term memories

Question 8

How does heroin and cocaine affect the nucleus accumbens?

Answer 8

increases dopamine in the nucleus accumbens

Question 9

What is the amygdala responsible for?

Answer 9

emotional and rive-related behavior

Question 10

What is the hippocampus responsible for?

Answer 10

important for laying down new declarative memories

Question 11

What are we looking at?

Answer 11

hippocampus

cinnamon rolls

Question 12

What happens if you have a bilateral loss of the hippocampus?

Answer 12

unable to lay down new declarative memories

Question 13

what promotes sleep?

Answer 13

VLPO (ventrolateral preoptic nucleus)

MnPO (median preoptic nucleus)

Question 14

What happens if you damage the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS)?

Answer 14

coma

Question 15

Define insomnia

Answer 15

disability to fall or stay asleep

Question 16

define hypersomnia

Answer 16

excessive daytime sleepiness or prolonged nighttime sleep

Question 17

define parasomnia

Answer 17

sleep disorders that generally involve abnormal movements, behaviors, and emotions

Question 18

What are the symtoms of narcolepsy?

Answer 18

CHASE

Cataplexy (sudden paralysis when conscious)

Hallucinations

Automatism (performance of actions without thought or intention)

Sleep paralysis

Excessive daytime sleeping

Question 19

What type of cells are deficient in narcolepsy?

Answer 19

orexin producing cells in the hypothalamus

Question 20

can iron defiiency cause restless leg syndrome? pregnancy? end-stage renal disease?

Answer 20

yes

yes

yes

Question 21

What is REM sleep behavior disorder?

Answer 21

loss of REM sleep atonia causing the patient to physically act out their dreams

Question 22

asymmetric tonic neck reflex

Answer 22

when the head is turned, contralateral limbs will flex and ipsilateral limbs extend

Question 23

Tonic labyrinthe reflex

Answer 23

When the head is extended (tilted back), the back arches, the legs straighten, and the arms bend

Question 24

galant reflex

Answer 24

when prone, stroking along the side of the spine causes lateral flexion of the ipsilateral lower body

Question 25

palmar grasp reflex

Answer 25

when the palm is touched, the fingers grasp the object

Question 26

placing reflex

Answer 26

when the toddler is supported in an upright position and the back of the foot touches a surface, the leg flexes

Question 27

moro (startle) reflex

Answer 27

when the infant’s support is suddenly removed, the arms abduct, then adduct (wing flapping)