Psychiatric Diagnoses (DSM-5 Criteria) Flashcards
Major depressive disorder
5 + SIGECAPS symptoms for at least 2 weeks:
Sleep (insomnia or hypersomnia) Interest (loss of interest) Guilt Energy Concentration Appetite (loss of) Psychomotor retardation (feeling stuck in the mud) Suicidal ideation
What is encopresis? What are the diagnostic criteria?
involuntary or intentionally shitting in inappropriate places
Must be 4 or older and symptoms must persist >3 months
Persistent depressive disorder
SIGECA for 2+ years:
Sleep Interest Guilt Energy Concentration Appetite
What is Enuresis? What are the diagnostic criteria?
Bed-wetting
Must be 5 or older and symptoms must persist >3 months
What is specific learning disorder?
When a kid has trouble with a specific in school
What is Tourette’s syndrome? What are the diagnostic criteria?
tic disorder that involves both vocal and motor tics
symptoms must persist >3 months
What is PTSD? What are its symptoms?
traumatic stress syndrome that often results from abuse (or war)
manifests as repetitive play, nightmares, flashbacks, intrusive thoughts, avoidance, and/or increased arousal (irritability or aggression)
What is intellectual disability?
defined as an IQ <70
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
!CASIE. during menstrual cycles over the past year
! = Emotional symptoms Concentration Appetite Sleep Interest Energy . = Physical symptoms (breast tenderness, bloating, joint pain)
What is autism spectrum disorder? Can autism develop later in life?
Characterized by poor social interactions, social communication deficits, repetitive/ritualized behaviors, restricted interests.
No. To be autism, symptoms must be present in early developmental period
What drugs can cause substance-induced depressive disorder?
Alcohol, antihypertensives (beta blockers, methyldopa), opiates, sedative hypnotics, systemic steroids
Bipolar disorder
Chronic mood disorder characterized by episodes of mania (period of great excitement, delusions, overactivity) or hypomania and major depressive episodes and significant periods of time without any symptoms
What is disruptive mood dysregulation disorder?
Recurrent temper outbursts (3+/week) that are out of proportion to the situation for more than 6 months
What is the difference between mania and hypomania?
Hypomania does NOT include psychotic symptoms
Schizoaffective disorder
Schizophrenia (hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thought/behavior) + a mood disorder for most of the time (bipolar or depression) for 6+ months
Define psychosis
Psychosis = full consciousness + delusions + hallucinations + disorganized behavior/speech
What is reactive attachment disorder? What are the clinical features?
Seen in children who have had grossly negligent care and do not form an emotional attachment to their caregivers
- emotionally withdrawn
- minimal social
- responsiveness, bouts of fearfulness, irritability, sadness during adult interactions
What are somatic symptoms?
abdominal pain
nausea
headache
What is autism spectrum disorder? Can autism be diagnosed
Characterized by poor social interactions, social communication deficits, repetitive/ritualized behaviors, restricted interests.
Symptoms must be present in early developmental period
Schizophrenia
Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech (word salad) or thoughts + negative symptoms for 6+ months
Differentiate brief psychotic disorder from schizophreniform disorder from schizophrenia.
Symptoms are the same (hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thought/speech) but are differentiated by time frame:
Brief psychotic disorder: 1 day to 1 month
Schizophreniform disorder: 1 to 6 months
Schizophrenia: 6+ months
What is schizoaffective disorder?
Schizophrenia with periods of depression or mania
What differentiates a mood disorder with psychotic features from schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder?
Mood disorder w/ psychosis is characterized by periods of time where the patient is symptom free in between periods of depression + psychosis
What is a delusional disorder?
When people have delusions for over 1 month
What medications can cause a substance-induced psychotic disorder?
Meth
PCP
Marijuana
Bath salts
What is the treatment for autism?
disease-modifying treatment does not exist. However,
antipsychotics are sometimes used and speech therapy is used if indicated
What are some known genetic syndromes associated with autism? (Hint: there are five on the answer side)
Fragile X Retts syndrome Prader Willi Angelman's 22q11 deletion (DiGeorge)
What is disruptive mood dysregulation disorder?
Recurrent temper outbursts (3+/week) that are out of proportion to the situation for more than 6 months
What is conduct disorder?
Characterized by repetitive ignorance of others’ basic rights (or animals) or ignorance of societal rules for more than 12 months
- aggressive to people and animals
- destruciton of property
- deceitfulness or theft
- derious violation of rules
