Review Flashcards
heart originates from the
mesoderm
coronary arteries originate from
epicardium
neural crest cells forms the
AV valves, outflow tract and arch development
mesenchymal tissues forms the
valve tissue
cardiogenesis time
week 3- 6
rubella virus causes
supravalvular PS, asD and PDA
etiology of congenital heart disease
90% unknown
pulm. circulation is a low flow and high resistance
in utero
post-natal pulm. circulation (2)
- reduction of the pulmonary vascular resistance
2. higher partial pressure of oxygen
AV junction tissue (2)
- AV valves
2. atrial and ventricular septum
trisomy 21
endocardial tissue: ASD, VSD and PDA
turner
coarctation of aorta
tri 18
VSD
septum secundum
PFO
left ventricular hypoplasia
aortic stenosis
situs inversus
polysplenia
systolic split S2 murmur
ASD
holosystolic murmur- pansystolic
VSD
most common VSD
- paramembranous
- muscular
- AV canal
TOF (4)
- VSD
- pulm. stenosis
- overriding aorta
- right ventricular hypertrophy
failure of the conal septum to fuse with the septal band
TOF
DTGA needs a
VSD or ASD to survive
DTGA can be given
prostaglandin to improve mixing of blood by keeping the ductus arteriousus open
polygonal cells with clear cytoplasms
rhabdomyomas
associated with tuberous sclerosis
rhabdomyomas
tuberous sclerosis mutation
TSC1 and TSC2- hamartin and tuberin
there is myofiber disarray especially in the interventricular septum
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Myocardium is flabby and pale, with subendocardial scars.
dilated cardiomyopathy
On histopathology there is a patchy or diffuse interstitial infiltrate of T lymphocytes, macrophages and rare giant cells, with focal myocyte necrosis
viral myocarditis
causes of fibrinous pericarditis
MI post MI uremia chest radiation Rheumatic fever lupus trauma
MI: pallor or red-blue hue (dark mottling)
<24 hr MI
MI: mottling with yellow tan infarct center
2-4 days
MI: risk for arrhythmia
2-4 days
MI: risk for free wall rupture
5-10 days
MI: hyperemic border, central yellow-tan softening
5-10 days
MI: depressed, soft, infarct borders, gelatinous appearance
10 days to 2 weeks
MI: gray white scar, progressive from border to center of infarct
2-8 weeks