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cardio > review > Flashcards

review Flashcards

1
Q

Diaphragm openings:

T8

A

IVC

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2
Q

T10

A

Esophageal

Vagal trunks

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3
Q

T12

A

Aortic hiatus
thoracic duct
azygos vein

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4
Q

FRC is

A

RV + ERV

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5
Q

Inspiratory capacity

A

TV + IRV

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6
Q

Not measured by Spirometery

A

RV and TLC

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7
Q

How high up does the diaphragm rise?

A

as high as 4th intercostal space

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8
Q

What region in the thorax is most likely to collect excess fluid?

A

costodiaphragmatic recess

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9
Q

Where is thoracentesis typically begun?

A

middle of intercostal space also top of rib

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10
Q

If Lungs (usually of a baby) have taken in air they will ___ in water; if they have not (stillborn) or if they have inhaled water during drowing they will _____

A

Float

Sink

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11
Q

Right lung has which grooves?

A

SC and Arch of the azygos

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12
Q

Right hilum bronchus, pulm artery, pulm veins

A

bronchus is sup post

pulm arteries middle

pulm veins ant inf

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13
Q

Left lung grooves

A

Cardiac impression

Arch of the aorta (and subclavian)

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14
Q

inhaled stuff goes to

A

right inferior lobar brnchus (lower mid lobes)

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15
Q

Do visceral pleura and lungs have nerves?

A

NAW

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16
Q

Where is parietal pleura pain referred to?

A

neck and shoulder

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17
Q

Hiccups are involuntary spasmodic contractions of the ________ muscle

A

diaphragm

18
Q

Pulmonary emboli auscultation reveal

A

normal to slightly diminished breathing sounds

19
Q

common tumors that mets to lung

A

salivary gland
thyroid
Ovarian
prostate

breast
bladder
uterine
colon
kidney

SgTOP B BUCK

20
Q

Carbonic Anhydrase does what to CO2?

A

combines it with H20 on the RBC to H2CO3

21
Q

where does the trachea branch?

A

T4-T5

22
Q

When does the esophagus enter the superior mediastinum?

A

between the trachea and vertebral column

23
Q

Inferior to the aortic arch where does the esophagus lie?

A

just behind the left atrium, angles to the left and CROSSES ANTERIOR TO THE DESCENDING AORTA, passes through the diaphragm at

T10

24
Q

Layers of the pericardium

A

Fibrous and

Serous (parietal and visceral)

25
Q

The left recurrent laryngeal runs under/over arch of the aorta?

A

under

26
Q

Where does the right recurrent laryngeal nerve come off?

A

T1

27
Q

Where does the left recurrent laryngeal nerve come off?

A

T4-T5

28
Q

Normal PA Pressure

A

MAP normally 10-14

29
Q

parasympathetic/sympathetic arise from the right and left vagus?

A

parasympathetic

30
Q

parasympathetic/sympathetic arise from the right and left sympathetic chain ganglion?

A

sympathetic

31
Q

Which visceral motor nerves within the lateral horn of SC synapse with the prevertebral ganglia on their way to innervate abdominal organs

A

Greater thoracic Splanchnic (T5-T9, seen in lab)

Lesser thoracic splanchnic (T10-T11)

Least Thoracic splanch (T12)

32
Q

Where in lungs is blood flow greatest?

A

lower lobes (Zone 3)

33
Q

Thoracentesis performed for aspiration of fluid in the pleural cavity performed posterior to the midaxillary line not below the _____ intercostals?

A

9th (between 8-10)

34
Q

Embryonic origin for type 1 pneumocytes?

A

endoderm

35
Q

Embryonic origin for simple, squamous epithelium (endothelium) lining of pulmonary capillaries is?

A

visceral mesoderm

36
Q

The descending aorta can be found in two places. where?

A

superior mediastinum

posterior mediastinum

37
Q

The superior mediastinum contains the

A

trachea

arch of the aorta

38
Q

middle mediastinum contains the

A

ascending aorta
arch of the azygos
main bronchi
phrenic nerve runs through here

39
Q

Three components of the blood-air barrier

A

Type 1 pneumocytes
Endothelial cells
Fused basal laminae

40
Q

Where is V/Q ratio the highest?

A

apex of the lung (highest ventilation, low perfusion)

cardio (13 decks)

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