hypertension

Question 1

pheochromocytoma

Answer 1

increased epinephrine and NE released into blood bc of tumor on adrenal medulla

Question 2

renal parenchymal disease: why would the central jugular vein be distended?

Answer 2

there is an increase in blood volume from impaired ability to excrete Na and water.

right atrial pressure also increased

Question 3

Renovascular hypertension

Answer 3

plaque forms, artery narrowed, resistance increased which stimulates Renin release and thus ANG II formation which releases aldosterone which promotes sodium and water reabsorption.

TPR and CO elevated.

Question 4

How to treat renovascular hypertension

Answer 4

Angiotensin converting inhibitor or angiotension receptor blocker.

Question 5

Conns syndrome: hyperaldosterone

Answer 5

Adrenal tumor.

high aldosterone= high Na and water retention and high potassium excreted

High bloody volume with hypokalemia

Question 6

on physical exam, how can you detect a renal artery plaque?

Answer 6

Abdominal bruit will be detected near kidneys