Reversible Causes of Arrest Flashcards
1
Q
List 4 H’s and 4 T’s
A
- Hypoxia
- Hypovolaemia
- Hypo/hyperkalaemia and other metabolic disorders
- Hypo/hyperthermia
- Toxins
- Tamponade
- Tension pneumothorax
- Thrombus
2
Q
Causes of hypoxia
Treatment of hypoxia
A
- Poor ventilation/perfusion
- Loss of circulating blood volume
- Airway obstruction
- Poor oxygenation due to Rt) shift of oxyhaemoglobin
> increased temp
> increased 2-3 DPG (produced in response to hypoxia/anaemia)
> increased H+
> Airway securement
Oxygenation
Control haemorrhage
3
Q
Causes of hypovolaemia
Treatment of hypovolaemia
A
- Loss of circulating blood volume
- Misdistribution of fluid
- Peripheral vasoconstriction
> Control haemorrhage
Appropriate fluids
4
Q
Causes of hypothermia
Treatment of hypothermia
A
- Drowning
- Exposure to extremes
> Consider active temperature management
5
Q
Causes of hyperthermia
Treatment of hyperthermia
A
- Malignant
- Fever
- Exposure to extremes
> Consider active temperature management
6
Q
ECG features of hyperkaelaemia
Treatment of hyperkalaemia
A
- Peaked T waves
- P wave widening/flattening
- PR prolongation
- QRS widening
> Resonium
Insulin/glucose
Salbutamol
Calcium gluconate
7
Q
ECG features of hypokalaemia
Treatment of hypokalaemia
A
- T wave flattening/inversion
- ST depression
- Prominent U wave
> KCl
8
Q
Causes of toxins
Treatment of toxins
A
- Overdose
- Sepsis
- Envenomation
- Anaphylaxis
> Antagonists
Anti-venoms
IVABx
9
Q
Causes of thrombus
A
- Cardiac
- Stroke
- Pulmonary embolism
