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Rapid Rev USMLE 1 > Rev24 > Flashcards

Rev24 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What vitamin deficiency leads to a cofactor involving Niacin (Vitamin B3)?

A

NAD+/NADP+ Adenin

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2
Q

What is the likelihood of missing an association in a study with alpha 0.05 and beta 0.10?

A

0.1

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3
Q

Which organism is likely responsible for foodborne illness from raw oysters?

A

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

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4
Q

What test confirms trichinosis?

A

Muscle biopsy

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5
Q

Which artery maintains testicular supply after testicular artery ligation?

A

Artery of the ductus deferens or cremasteric artery

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6
Q

What is the likely diagnosis for weakness and impaired position sense?

A

Polyneuropathy

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7
Q

What infection presents with chorioretinitis and hydrocephalus in a newborn?

A

Toxoplasmosis

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8
Q

What causes a transfusion reaction with wine-colored urine and hypotension?

A

ABO incompatibility

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9
Q

What enzyme is induced by cortisol during hypoglycemia?

A

Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase

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10
Q

What brain tumor causes vertical gaze palsy?

A

Pinealoma (pineal gland tumor)

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11
Q

Which vein’s pressure increase leads to hemorrhoids in alcoholics?

A

Superior rectal vein

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12
Q

What is the next step for a diabetic child with family conflict?

A

Discuss further the impact of the patient’s illness on the family

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13
Q

What is a likely cause of recurrent angina post-stent?

A

In-stent restenosis

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14
Q

What gene mutation is associated with familial dementia?

A

Presenilin (PSEN1/PSEN2)

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15
Q

Which vector transmits microfilariae found in nodules?

A

Blackfly (Simulium species)

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16
Q

What cell junctions are affected by desmosome dysfunction in skin?

A

Maculae adherentes (desmosomes)

17
Q

What is the cause of an abdominal mass and hypotension?

A

Atherosclerosis (ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm)

18
Q

What physiological change occurs with histamine injection?

A

Increased lymph flow

19
Q

What is the diagnosis for post-strep glomerulonephritis?

A

Proliferative glomerulonephritis

20
Q

What study design is time-efficient for investigating arsenic exposure?

A

Cohort study

21
Q

Where is ectopic thyroid tissue likely located in a scan?

A

Foramen cecum

22
Q

What process is needed for hormone generation from the POMC gene?

A

Post-translational modification

23
Q

What muscle is affected by obturator nerve transection?

A

Adductor longus

24
Q

What finding supports SIADH diagnosis?

A

Urine osmolality > plasma osmolality

25
Q

Which HIV drug causes bone marrow suppression?

A

Zidovudine

26
Q

What organism causes hyperkeratosis in tinea pedis?

A

Trichophyton rubrum

27
Q

What condition is due to glycosylphosphatidylinositol deficiency?

A

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)

28
Q

What HIV drug class causes lactic acidosis?

A

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)

29
Q

What is the function of HOX genes in embryogenesis?

A

Regulating anterior-posterior axis development and patterning

30
Q

Which virus is similar to one that loses infectivity when dried or acidic?

A

Coronavirus

31
Q

Where does misfolded CFTR protein accumulate in cystic fibrosis?

A

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

32
Q

What causes puberty onset in boys?

A

Nocturnal luteinizing hormone pulses

33
Q

What metabolic defect causes oculocutaneous albinism?

A

Tyrosine

34
Q

Which cells give rise to cerebellopontine angle masses?

A

Schwann cells

35
Q

What biopsy finding is seen in histoplasmosis in AIDS?

A

Caseating granulomas with intracellular yeasts

36
Q

What is the likely defect in neutrophils failing to kill catalase-positive bacteria?

A

NADPH oxidase

37
Q

What is the target of tetanus toxin?

A

Synaptobrevin

38
Q

What neoplasm are AIDS patients at greatest risk for developing?

A

Epstein-Barr virus-induced brain lymphoma (primary CNS lymphoma)

Rapid Rev USMLE 1 (12 decks)

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