rev

Question 1

Serum

Answer 1

= Plasma – (Fibrinogen, clotting factor II, IV, VII).

Question 2

↓ plasma protein➝↑ permeability➝

Answer 2

edema

Question 3

Albumin / Globulin ratio (A/G ratio): =

Answer 3

1.2 – 1.6

Question 4

Size of RBCs :

Answer 4

7.5micro in diameter “variable”

Question 5

Hb important buffer in blood as it contains

Answer 5

many amino acids histidine

Question 6

Factors↑ erythropoietin:

Answer 6

(1) Hypoxia
(2) 3C: Catecholamine, corticosteroid, cobalt salts.
(3) 2A: Androgen, alkalosis.
(4) Growth hormone & thyroxine

Question 7

Renal failure is associated with anemia that can be treated only by

Answer 7

erythropoietin

Question 8

In………………………… the stem cells do not respond to erythropoietin

Answer 8

aplastic anemia

Question 9

Iron is released from heme by

Answer 9

Heme oxygenase enzyme

Question 10

Total body iron :

Answer 10

(4-5 g)

Question 11

 Plasma globulin (Transferrin) is …………. saturated.

Answer 11

35%

Question 12

Vit. B12 Not synthesized in the body, so it’s called …………

Answer 12

extrinsic factor.

Question 13

( ↓ RBCs↓ WBCs, ↓Platelet)

Answer 13

Pancytopenia

Question 14

Macrocytic (↑ MCV) Hyperchromic (↑ MCH):

Answer 14

a- Vit. B12 deficiency

b- Folic acid deficiency

Question 15

ABO system antibodies are …………….. type & can’t cross placenta

Answer 15

IgM

Question 16

• Rh-antibodies “anti-D” are……………… type & can cross placenta.

Answer 16

IgG

Question 17

Role of thrombin:

Answer 17

 Conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.
 + ve feedback through activation V, VIII.
 Enhance platelet aggregation.
 Activate factor XIII to stabilize fibrin.
 Activate plasminogen into plasmin (fibrinolytic).

Question 18

Functions of platelet:

Answer 18

 Formation of platelet plug. 
 Release chemical agents: 
- ADP
- Serotonin, epinephrine, thromboxan A2
- Factor XIII  stabilization of fibrin 
- Platelet factor 3 (catalyze clotting 
process)
 Induce clotting retraction.

Question 19

Clothing factors not synthesized in liver:

Answer 19

a) IV (Ca2+).
b) XII from platelet.
c) IIII from tissue.
d) VWF

Question 20

Action of protein C:

Answer 20

Inhibit V, VIII

Question 21

Smooth endothelial lining of vessel ➝ prevent activation of

Answer 21

intrinsic pathway

Question 22

 Antithrombin III (heparin cofactor I):

causes inactivation of

Answer 22

factor IX, X, XI, XII, II

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