Retina B7

Question 1

____ is the outermost layer of the retina

Answer 1

RPE

Question 2

____ is the barrier between the choroid and retina

Answer 2

RPE

Question 3

Eye has to be ______ to assess RPE

Answer 3

dilated

Question 4

Anywhere you see ______ behind it is RPE.

Answer 4

retina

Question 5

No retina at ________, thus no RPE.

Answer 5

optic nerve

Question 6

LIght must pass through what to reach the RPE.

Answer 6

All of the layers of the retina

Question 7

Towards the vitreous

Answer 7

Vitreed

Question 8

Towards the sclera

Answer 8

Sclerad

Question 9

Away from the center of the eye

Answer 9

outer

Question 10

Towards the center of the eye

Answer 10

Inner

Question 11

Layers of retina

Answer 11

Inner plexiform layer
Inner nuclear layer
Outer plexiform layer
Outer Nuclear layer
Inner segments
Outer segments
RPE

Question 12

4-6 million cells that have no regenerative capacity

Answer 12

RPE cells

Question 13

RPE cell density is greatest in the region of the ______.

Answer 13

fovea

Question 14

Each RPE cell face about _____ photoreceptor outer segments.

Answer 14

30-40

Question 15

Apex of RPE faces Apex of ___________ outer segment.

Answer 15

photoreceptor

Question 16

Layers of Bruch’s membrane starting with RPE.

Answer 16

Basement membrane of RPE
Inner collagenous layer
Elastic layer
Outer collagenous layer
Basement membrane of choriocapillaris

Question 17

What are the major functions of the RPE?

Answer 17

Secretion - VEGF
Phagocytosis
Visual cycle
Glia
Epithelial transport
Light absorption

Question 18

Apical microvili of the RPE engulf Rods and cones at different times. When do these happen?

Answer 18

Rod discs are used at night and are shed in the early morning.
Cone discs are active all day and at the end of the day (evening) are shed

Question 19

Where is the mitochondria located?

Answer 19

outer zone of RPE

Question 20

Where is golgi apparatus?

Answer 20

Middle zone

Question 21

What are the steps of degradation of rod outer segments in the RPE?

Answer 21

Phagosome engulfs shed cell
Meets with Lysosome
Forms phagolysotome
Gets digested and diposted into the INNER COLLAGENOUS ZONE OF BRUCH’s

Question 22

When you have excessive drusen what is the problem?

Answer 22

RPE is at risk, not functioning as it should

Smokers have more drusen (epithelial waste)

Question 23

Age related Macular degeneration.

Answer 23

Build up of hydrophobic material laid down in bruch’s… Creates choroidal neovascularization

Question 24

Age related Mac degen.

Answer 24

Bruch’s membrane capillaries are fenestrated
Retinal capillaries are not fenestrated
YOU don’t want blood vessels creeping into fovea

Question 25

What percent of age mac degen is wet?

Answer 25

10%, blood moving into macular area is going to distort vision

Question 26

What are some injectable anti vascular endothelial growth factor?

Answer 26

anti-VEGF
Avastin ($50)
Lucentis and Eyelea ($1800-2000)
(they do the same thing)

Question 27

Blood retina barrier has what between the RPE cells

Answer 27

Tight junctions for communication between the non-fenestrated endothelial cells of the retinal capillaries