Aqueous and Vitreous B7

Question 1

An optically clear, slightly alkaline liquid that occupies the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye

Answer 1

Aqueous humor

Question 2

Natural water soluble Vitamin C… Potent reducing and antioxidant agent that functions in fighting bacterial infections,

Answer 2

Ascorbic acid

Question 3

5 main components of aqueous (KEY for questions)

Answer 3

• Bicarbonates; buffer
• lactic acid
• ascorbic acid; antioxidant
• chlorides
• glucose; nutrients

Question 4

Highly tranparent, dilute solutions of salts, soluble proteins, and HYALURONIC ACID contained within a meshwork of the insoluble protein, collagen.

Answer 4

Vitreous humor (98.5 % to 99.7% water)
(sometimes described as having connective tissue status and an extracellular matrix)

Question 5

Vitreous humor trace elements he wants us to know? why are they important?

Answer 5

Magnesium
Copper serum
Zinc serum
Selenium
These have a direct impact on the retina

Question 6

Epithelium of the ___________ has a significant role in production and secretion of several connective tissue macromolecules of the vitreous body. Which epithelium?

Answer 6

pars plana

non pigmented epithelium would be involved

Question 7

Collagen content is highest where?

Answer 7

Highest at vitreous base, next highest in posterior cortex, next in anterior cortex, lowest in the center
(HIGHEST IN BACK> LOWEST IN FRONT> LEAST IN CENTER)

Question 8

Predominant collagen in the vitreous?

Answer 8

Type II collagen (60-75%)
Type IX collagen (25 %)
Type XI collagen (10-25%)

Question 9

_________ are a component of microfibrils with a characteristic beaded structure. Represent major structure component of zonules.

Answer 9

Fibrillin

Marfan’s is caused by mutation of fibrillin 1

Question 10

______ is a glycoprotein that was initially identified as the major component in a pool of macromolecules, has a link to LEUCINE.

Answer 10

Opticin

Question 11

_________ are hydrophilic (love water).

Answer 11

Glycosaminoglycan (GAGs)

Sclera has very low GAGs, next is cornea, Highest is Vitreous

Question 12

The second major vitreal component, __________, a glycoasaminoglycan, is a long unbranched molecule coiled into a twisted network.

Answer 12

Hyaluronic acid (HA)
(lose HA you lose gel like function, you lose ‘fluff’)
“Proteins are heavy
HA is fluffy”

Question 13

Where is there the most HA?

Answer 13

Where there is the most collagen. IN the back. HA stabilizes the network fromed by the collagen strands.

Question 14

Chains of HA can be very long and form networks through __________.

Answer 14

Entanglement

Question 15

Vitreous cells, or ______________, are located in a single, widely spaced layer in the cortex near the vitreal surface parallel to it.

Answer 15

Hyalocytes
(Hyalocytes make HA)
(Hyalocytes have phagocytic properties)

Question 16

Hyalocytes ________ to orra serrata of the are fibroblast like … But ________ to the orra serrata, they are macrophage like

Answer 16

anterior

posterior

Question 17

If you lose vitreous (vitrectomy) how likely are you that you will get a cataract?

Answer 17

80%

Question 18

Functions of the vitreous:

Answer 18

Support
storage
shock absorber because its fluffy
Transmits light (aids in focusing light on retina)

Question 19

Without HA what happens to the collagen fibers? What does this do to the patient? (IMPORTANT)

Answer 19

HA not present, collagen sticks together

and makes floaters that cast shadows onto the retina.