cranial nerves

Question 1

What pathway is away from target organ?

Answer 1

Afferent pathway

Question 2

The fibers of the trigeminal nerve serving the ocular structures are _______ and originate in the innervated structures.

Answer 2

sensory

Question 3

What is the most important branch of Trigeminal?

Answer 3

V-1 ophthalmic branch

Question 4

What is the first branch of the ophthalmic nerve?

Answer 4

Nasociliary nerve

Question 5

Where do sensory fibers come from for the nasociliary nerve?

Answer 5

from medial canthal area

caruncle, canaliculi, lacrimal sac etc

Question 6

What nerve benetrates the orbital septum, enters the orbit BELOW trochlea and runs along UPPER border of medial rectus and becomes nasociliary?

Answer 6

infratrochlear

Question 7

what nerves come off of the nasociliary as it runs along the medial aspect of the orbit going into sinuses?

Answer 7

anterior and posterior ethmoidal

Question 8

Cornea has epithelium, endothelium and _________ membrane. Where is sensory innervation located?

Answer 8

basement
first half (most anterior half, epithelium, anterior stroma, and mid stroma) have sensory nerve fibers

Question 9

Corneal _______ innervation is very dense, estimated to be 400 times as dense as other tissue.

Answer 9

sensory

Question 10

3 Different tunics of eye?

Answer 10

Connective tissue
Vascular
Fibrous layer

Question 11

The eye has dual exhaust what does this mean?

Answer 11

there are two long ciliary nerves coming off medial and lateral to join with the nasociliary nerve.

Question 12

What are the nerves that are more toward the periphery and limbus (white part of eye interface)?

Answer 12

short ciliary nerves

Question 13

How do ciliary nerves get to back of eye?

Answer 13

they run in vascular tunic (middle layer), to back of eye and go through ciliary ganglion. (because sensory doesn’t need to synapse in autonomic ganglion)

Question 14

The short ciliary nerves exit the ______ in a ring around the optic nerve.

Answer 14

sclera

Question 15

Know exits points of all nerves and vasculature on slide 12.

Answer 15

4 vortex veins
2 long ciliary arteries
2 long ciliary nerves
many short ciliary arteries
many ciliary nerves

Question 16

The nasociliary nerve exits the orbit by passing through the __________ foramen within the common tendinous ring and the ________________ into the cranial cavity.

Answer 16

oculomotor foramen

superior orbital fissure

Question 17

Approximately __ of all cases of Herpes Zoster will affect the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve.

Answer 17

10%

Question 18

The rash on the side of the nose is called what in shingles?

Answer 18

hutchinson’s sign

Question 19

The ____________ nerve enters the orbit by piercing the superior medial corner of the orbital septum.

Answer 19

supratrochlear nerve

Question 20

The supraorbital joins the supratrochlear nerve midway in the orbit and forms the ___________.

Answer 20

Frontal nerve

Question 21

The frontal nerve runs posteriorly between the ________ muscle and the periorbita, exiting the orbit through the superior orbital fissure above the ______________.

Answer 21

levator

common tendinous ring

Question 22

The ___________ runs posteriorly along the upper border of the lateral rectus muscle.

Answer 22

Lacrimal nerve

Question 23

The lacrimal nerve exits the orbit through the _____________.

Answer 23

superior orbital fissure

Question 24

What 3 nerves join and form the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 24

Nasociliary- medial (above medial rectus)
frontal- superior (above levator)
lacrimal- lateral (above lateral rectus)

Question 25

The ophthalmic nerve enters the ______ wall of the cavernous sinus.

Answer 25

lateral

Question 26

The __________ nerve is formed by sensory fibers from the cheek, upper lip, and lower eyelid.

Answer 26

infraorbital nerve

Question 27

When infraorbital nerve is in the maxillary bone it is joined by 2 nerves from what structures?

Answer 27

upper teeth and maxillary sinus

Question 28

The infraorbital nerve leaves the orbit through the ___________ and joins with the __________.

Answer 28

inferior orbital fissure

maxillary nerve

Question 29

Maxillary nerve enters skull through the__________.

Answer 29

Foramen rotundum

Question 30

The maxillary nerve traverses the area between the maxilla and the ________ bone.

Answer 30

sphenoid

Question 31

The motor cranial nerves that supply striated muscles of the orbit are the _________, _________, the _________, and the __________.

Answer 31

Oculomotor
trochlear
abducens
facial

Question 32

The oculomotor pierces the ____ of the cavernous sinus and runs along the lateral wall above the _______ nerve.

Answer 32

roof

trochlear

Question 33

The oculomotor exits the cavernous sinus and enters the orbit through the ____________.

Answer 33

superior orbital fissure

Question 34

The superior branch of CN3 runs medially above the optic nerve and enters the _____________ on its inferior surface.

Answer 34

superior rectus

Question 35

The inferior branch of CN3 runs anteriorly and branches into 3 branches. What are they and how do they run?

Answer 35

Enters medial rectus on lateral surface
Enters inferior rectus on upper surface
Parasympathetic fibers extending to ciliary ganglion

Question 36

Is trochlear inside or outside of annulus of ZInn?

Answer 36

outside

Question 37

The trochlear nerve runs with the ___________ to the medial side of the orbit above the levator and superior rectus, and enters the upper surface of the superior oblique.

Answer 37

frontal nerve

Question 38

This nerve is within the cavernous sinus and lies near the lateral wall of the internal carotid.

Answer 38

Abducens

Question 39

The abducens enters orbit through the superior orbital fissure within the common tendinous ring and goes into the _________ surface of the _________.

Answer 39

medial surface

lateral rectus

Question 40

The _________ nerve has 2 roots, large motor root innervates the facial muscles and the smaller root contains sensory and parasympathetic fibers.

Answer 40

facial