Resuscitation

Question 1

Reversible causes of medical cardiac arrest

Answer 1

Hypovolaemia
Hypoxia
Hypo/Hyper metabolic states
Hypothermia
Toxins
Tension pneumothorax
Cardiac tamponade
Thromboembolic

Question 2

Drug therapy in Hypothermic cardiac arrest

Answer 2

<30 oC - Withhold drugs

30 - 35 oC - Double intervals

Question 3

Defibrillation in Hypothermic cardiac arrest

Answer 3

If VF/VT and persists for 3 shocks in total no more until >30 deg

Question 4

Acceptable pre-ductal spo2

Answer 4

2 mins - 60%
5 mins - 85%
10mins - 90%

Question 5

Paediatric cardiac arrest shock voltage

Answer 5

4 J /kg

Question 6

Pre ductal spo2 probe location

Answer 6

Right hand

Question 7

Paediatric cardiac arrest defibrillation energy

Answer 7

4J/Kg

Question 8

Adult defib pads from what age

Answer 8

8+

Question 9

Management of the preterm

Answer 9

<32 weeks

Place undried in plastic bag and radiant heat

Inflation breaths

Question 10

Chain of Survival

Answer 10

1) Early recognition and call for help
2) Early CPR
3) Early defibrillation
4) Post-resuscitation care

Question 11

Treatment for Narrow complex regular tachyarrhythmia

Answer 11

1) Vagal manoeuvres
2) Adenosine 6mg
3) Adenosine 12mg
4) Adenosine 18mg
5) Verapamil
6) DC cardioversion

Question 12

Treatment for Narrow complex irregular tachyarrhythmia

Answer 12

1) Control rate with Beta Blocker
2) Consider amioderone

Question 13

Treatment for Broad complex irregular tachyarrhythmia

Answer 13

Torsades - IV magnesium 2g
AF w/ BBB - treat as for irregular narrow complex (Beta blocker)

Question 14

Treatment for Broad complex regular tachyarrhythmia

Answer 14

Amioderone 300mg IV over 10-60 mins

Question 15

In unstable tachyarrhythmia patient where DC cardio version has failed what is the next step?

Answer 15

1) 300mg Amioderone over 10-20 mins

2) Repeat DC cardio version

Question 16

Broad complex tachycardia DC cardioversion initial shock energy

Answer 16

120-150J

Question 17

AF tachyarrhythmia initial DC cardioversion shock energy

Answer 17

Max available

Question 18

Atrial flutter tachyarrhythmia initial cardioversion shock energy

Answer 18

70-120J

Question 19

Treatment of Bradyarrhythmia with life threatening features

Answer 19

1) Atropine 500mcg
2) Transcutaneous pacing
3) Transvenous pacing

Question 20

Treatment of Bradyarrhythmia without life threatening features

Answer 20

1) assess for risk of asystole
- recent systole,
- mobitz II AV block,
- complete heart block
- Ventricular pause >3s

If present - Pacing
If not present - Observe

Question 21

Rate for percussion pacing

Answer 21

50-70 / min

Question 22

For every minute that passes between collapse and defibrillation mortality increases by _______ %

Answer 22

7-10%

Question 23

NLS Algorithm

Answer 23

1) Dry & rub baby
2) Clamp and Cut cord if concern after 60s
3) Assess Colour, Tone, Breathing rate, Heart rate
4) Give 5 inflation breaths (in air)
5) If no chest rise - change something
6) If no chest rise, insert SGA
7) Once chest rise - 30s ventilations
8) If not adequate HR, start 3:1 compressions/ventilations

Question 24

Changes in Paediatric ALS

Answer 24

• 5 ventilations
• 15:2 compressions/ventilations
• Drugs dosages