JRCALC Flashcards
Dexamethasone - Indications
Mild, Moderate and Severe/Life threatening croup. (Children aged 1 month to 10 years)
Buccal Midazolam - Contraindications
- IV or IO access established
- Prior administration of 2 doses of a benzodiazepine
- Known hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines
- Presenting with psychogenic non epileptic seizure (PNES)
Adrenaline 1:10,000 - Adult Dose
1mg
Adrenaline 1:1000 - Indications
- Anaphylaxis
- Life threatening Asthma
Adrenaline 1:1000 - Dose & Route
500mcg
IM only
Nebulised Adrenaline (1:1000) - Indications
Life threatening croup
>1 year old = 5mg
Amiodarone - Dose
300mg - 3rd shock
150mg - 5th shock
Amiodarone - Actions
- Antiarrhythmic
- Lengthens cardiac action potential and therefore effective refractory period
- Blocks sodium and potassium channels in myocardium
- Acts to stabilise and reduce electrical irritability of myocardium
Aspirin - Indications
Adults with clinical or ECG evidence suggestive of MI or ischaemia
Aspirin - Dose
300mg
Aspirin - Contraindications
- Known allergy or sensitivity
- Children under 16 years
- Active GI bleed
- Haemophilia or other known clotting disorder
- Severe hepatic failure with jaundice
Aspirin - Side effects
- Wheezing in some asthmatics
- Increased risk of GI bleeding
Atropine - Indications
Symptomatic Bradycardia in the presence of ANY of these adverse signs:
- Absolute bradycardia (<40bpm)
- Systolic BP below expected for age
- Paroxysmal ventricular arrhythmias
- Inadequate perfusion causing confusion
- Bradycardia following ROSC
Atropine - Contraindications
- Should not be given to treat bradycardia in hypothermia
- Patients with cardiac transplants
Atropine - Actions
- Reverses the effect of vagal overdrive
- Increase heart rate by blocking vagal activity in sinus bradycardia, second or third degree heart block
- Enhances A-V conduction
Atropine - Dose/Repeat/Max
600mcg
3-5 mins repeat
3mg Max
Atropine - Side effects
- Dry mouth
- Visual blurring
- Dilated pupils
- Confusion
- Tachycardia
Benzylpenicillin - Contraindications
- Known allergy
Benzylpenicillin - Indications
Suspected meningococcal disease in the presence of:
1) a non-blanching rash
and/or
2) signs/symptoms suggestive of meningococcal septicaemia
Benzylpenicillin - Dose (Adult)
1.2g
Calcium Chloride - Indications
- Cardiac arrest related to hyperkalaemia, hypocalcaemia or overdose of calcium channel blockers (e.g. nifedipine, amlodipine, diltiazem, verapamil)
Calcium Chloride - Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity
- Patients taking cardiac glycosides (e.g. Digoxin)
- Patients with known hypercalcaemia
- Co-administration of ceftriaxone in:
- Premature newborns
- Full term newborns up to 28 days of age
Calcium Chloride - Side effects
- Acidosis
- HypoKalaemia
- Hypercalcaemia
- Cardiac arrhythmias
- Vasodilation
- Hypotension
- Hypertension
- Extravasation and tissue necrosis
- Circulatory collapse
- Feeling hot
- Hyperhidrosis
- Vomiting
Calcium Chloride - Dose (Adult and Child)
A - 10ml
C - 0.2ml/kg (up to 10ml)
Carbetocin - Indications
PPH when the following criteria are met:
- > 20 weeks gestation
- within 24 hours of birth
- When bleeding from the uterus is uncontrolled by uterine massage
Carbetocin - Contraindications
- Significant ongoing bleeding after delivery, before 20 weeks gestation
- Patients who have already received syntometrine
- Baby in utero
- During delivery
- Possible multiple pregnancy
- Known hypersensitivity
Carbetocin - Side effects
- Chest pain
- Chills
- Dizziness
- Dyspnea
- Feeling hot
- Flushing
- Headache
- Hypotension
- Nausea
- Metalic taste
- Tremor
- Vomiting
Carbetocin - Dose
100mcg
Chlorphenamine - Indications
- Symptomatic allergic reaction falling short of anaphylaxis but causing patient distress
- Alleviating distressing cutaneous symptoms in anaphylaxis (only in a stable patient after emergency treatment with adrenaline)
Chlorphenamine - Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity
- Patients treated with MAOI’s in the last 14 days
(MAOI’s - antidepressants e.g. Isocarboxazid (Marplan), Phenelzine (Nardil), Selegiline (Emsam), Tranylcypromine (Parnate))
Chlorphenamine - Actions
Antihistamine - blocks the effect of histamine
Chlorphenamine - Side effects
Sedation Dry mouth Headache Blurred vision Urinary retention GI disturbance Psychomotor impairment
Chlorphenamine - Dose (Adult)
10mg
Co-Amoxiclav - Indications
Treatment of
- Obvious open fracture
- Signs consistent with open fracture
- Major trauma to limb where significant wounds and high suspicion of fracture.
Co-Amoxiclav - Contraindications
- <1 year old
- Allergy to penicillin
- Severe renal impairment
- Glandular fever
- History of penicillin associated jaundice or hepatic dysfunction
Diazepam - Indications
Prolonged concussions lasting >5mins
or
Repeated convulsions and are currently convulsing
Eclamptic convulsions
Symptomatic cocaine toxicity (Hypertension, chest pain or convulsions)
Diazepam - Side effects
CVS depression - hypotension Resp depression Light headed Drowsiness Confusion
Diazepam - Dose (IV) (Adult)
10mg
Repeat 10mg after 10 mins, Max 20mg
Furosemide - Indications
Pulmonary oedema and/or respiratory distress due to acute heart failure
Furosemide - Contraindications
- Reduced GCS with Liver cirrhosis
- Cardiogenic shock
- Severe renal failure with anuria
- Children under 18
Furosemide - Side effects
- Hypotension
- GI disturbance
Furosemide - Dose
40mg
Glucagon - Contraindications
- Pheochromocytoma
- IV route (Glucagon is IM ONLY)
Glucagon - Indications
- Hypoglycaemia, clinically suspected hypoglycaemia or unconscious patients where hypoglycaemia is considered likely.
- Should only be given if oral glucose is contraindicated and IV/IO access cannot be established.
Glucagon - Actions
Glucagon is a hormone that induces the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver, thereby raising glucose levels
Glucagon - Side effects
- Nausea/Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Diarrhoea
- Hypokalaemia
- Hypotension
- Acute hypersensitivity reaction
Glucagon - Dose
1mg (IM Only)
16.Plain 1% lidocaine contains:
a. 1mg of lidocaine/ml
b. 10 mg of lidocaine/ml
c. 100 mg of lidocaine/ml
d. 10 micrograms of lidocaine/ml
e. 100microgramsoflidocaine/ml
b. 10 mg of lidocaine/ml
