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Patho Exam 3 > Restrictive Lung Disease PP 30 on > Flashcards

Restrictive Lung Disease PP 30 on Flashcards

1
Q

Fracture leads to impairment of negative intrapleural pressure generation

A

Flail chest

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2
Q 
Lung \_\_\_\_\_\_\_injury includes 
Pulmonary contusion
Decreased lung compliance
Respiratory failure
in\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A

parenchymal; flail chest

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3
Q

Interstitial and alveolar hemorrhage

A

Flail chest

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4
Q

Trauma

Paradoxical motion of chest wall

A

Flail chest

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5
Q

SOB, cyanosis

Pain on inspiration

A

Flail chest

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6
Q

Hypotension

Hypoxemia, low arterial PO2

A

Flail chest

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7
Q

Pneumothorax, hemothorax, subcutaneous emphysema are common

A

Flail chest

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8
Q

Managed with mechanical ventilation

A

Flail chest

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9
Q

Continuous epidural anesthesia helps to manage ____

A

flail chest

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10
Q

Inflammatory reaction in the alveoli and interstitium caused by an infectious agent

A

Pneumonia

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11
Q

Aspiration of oropharyngeal secretions composed of normal bacterial flora or gastric contents (25% to 35%)
causes _______

A

Pneumonia

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12
Q

Inhalation of contaminants
Contamination from the systemic circulation
causes ________

A

Pneumonia

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13
Q

Name 5 classifications of Pneumonia

A

hospital/community acquired, viral/bacterial, atypical

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14
Q

Hospitalized patients
Hypoxic patients
Immune-compromised patients
at high risk for ________

A

Pneumonia

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15
Q

Those with adiminished gag reflex
elderly
Seriously ill
at high risk for _________

A

Pneumonia

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16
Q

In Pneumonia__________ present as a lung abscess, necrotizing pneumonia, or empyema; usually caused by aspiration of normal oral bacteria into the lung

A

Anaerobic bacteria

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17
Q

__________ is commonly seen in the summer and fall in young adults; common between the ages of 5 and 20

A

Mycoplasmal pneumonia

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18
Q

________ disease is when
Organism lives in H2O
Transmitted by portable H2O, condensers, cooling towers
This is a type of _______

A

Legionnaires; pneumonia

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19
Q

__________ disease
Fever, diarrhea, abdominal pain, liver and kidney failure, pulmonary infiltrates
Treatment: macrolide antibiotic
This is a type of ______

A

Legionnaires; pneumonia

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20
Q

The following are types of ________ pneumonia

Pneumocystis jiroveci
Opportunistic fungal infection
Common in patients with cancer or HIV

Aspergillus
Opportunistic fungal infection
Released from walls of old buildings under reconstruction

A

opportunistic

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21
Q

Opportunistic fungal infection

Common in patients with cancer or HIV

A

Pneumocystis jiroveci

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22
Q

Opportunistic fungal infection

Released from walls of old buildings under reconstruction

A

Aspergillus

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23
Q

Acquired when normal pulmonary defense mechanisms are compromised
Organisms enter lung, multiply, and trigger pulmonary inflammation

A

Pneumonia

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24
Q

Inflammatory cells invade alveolar septa

Alveolar air spaces fill with exudative fluid

A

Pneumonia

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25
Q

_______pneumonia doesn’t produce exudative fluids

A

viral

26
Q

Severity of disease and patient age cause variation in symptoms
Crackles (rales) and bronchial breath sounds over affected lung tissue
symptoms of ______

A

Pneumonia

27
Q

Chills
Fever
Cough, purulent sputum
symptoms of ______

A

Pneumonia

28
Q

__________ pneumonia includes
upper respiratory prodrome like….
Fever, nonproductive cough, hoarseness, coryza accompanied by wheezing/rales

A

viral

29
Q

_______ pneumonia includes

Cough, tachypnea, rales, wheezes, and no fever

A

Chlamydia

30
Q 
Fever
Cough
Headache
Malaise
are symptoms of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, a type of   \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A

Mycoplasma; Pneumonia

31
Q 
Parenchymal infiltrates (white shadows) in involved area
used to diagnose \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A

Pneumonia

32
Q

Sputum C&S, ______, and WBC>_____ used to diagnose ______

A

CURB-65; 15,000; Pneumonia

33
Q

You can use antibiotic therapy to treat _______ based on sensitivity of culture

A

Pneumonia

34
Q 
Prior infection (90%)
are high risk for \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A

pulmonary tuberculosis

35
Q 
Malnourishment, immunosuppression
Living in overcrowded condition
Incarcerated persons
Immigrants
Elderly
are high risk for \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A

pulmonary tuberculosis

36
Q

Multi-drug resistant

A

pulmonary tuberculosis

37
Q

Acid-fast aerobic bacillus
Infects lungs and lymph nodes
is __________ which causes _______

A

Mycobacterium tb;pulmonary tb

38
Q

Inhalation of small droplets containing bacteria
Droplets expelled with cough, sneeze, or talking
causes _______

A

pulmonary tb

39
Q

Involvement of distant organ systems and ______ disease cause _________

A

disseminated; pulmonary tb

40
Q

Name 2 classifications of pulmonary tb

A

primary and reactivating

41
Q

________ tb may lie dormant for years or decades

A

primary

42
Q

_________ tb
May occur many years after primary infection
Impaired immune system causes reactivation

A

reactivating

43
Q

_________ tb

HIV, corticosteroid use, silicosis, and diabetes mellitus have been found to be associated with reactivation

A

reactivating

44
Q

Entry of mycobacteria into lung tissue

causes _______

A

pulmonary tb

45
Q

Alveolar macrophages ingest and process microorganisms in _______

A

pulmonary tb

46
Q

Lymphatic and hematogenous dissemination
-T-cells and macrophages surround organisms in granulomas
in _______

A

pulmonary tb

47
Q

Reactivation occurs if immunosuppressed

A

pulmonary tb

48
Q

Pathologic manifestation is Ghon tubercle or parenchymal complex

A

pulmonary tb

49
Q

History of contact with infected person
Low-grade fever
symptoms of ______

A

pulmonary tb

50
Q

Night sweats
Fatigue
symptoms of _______

A

pulmonary tb

51
Q

What is the most common symptom of pulmonary tb

A

chronic cough

52
Q 
Weight loss
Malaise 
Anorexia
Malnourishment 
symptoms of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A

pulmonary tb

53
Q

Apical crackles (rales)
Bronchial breath sounds over region of consolidation
symptoms of _____

A

pulmonary tb

54
Q

________ culture is a definitive diagnosis of pulmonary tb

A

sputum

55
Q

How to decipher sputum culture?

A

Three consecutive, morning specimens
Identify slow-growing acid-fast bacillus
Takes 1-3 weeks for determination

56
Q

DNA or RNA amplification techniques used to diagnose ______

A

pulmonary tb

57
Q

________ skin test used to identify pulmonary tb. However it is difficult to distinguish between current disease or past infection

A

Tb

58
Q

Nodules with infiltrates in apex and posterior segments

found on chest x ray when diagnosing ______

A

pulmonary tb

59
Q

When treating pulmonary tb, administer drug therapy for ______ to ______ months. And add ____ new agents when treatment failure suspected.

A

9-12; 2

60
Q

Providing safest, most effective therapy for shortest period of time
Ensuring adherence to therapy by using directly observed therapy
are key when treating _______

A

pulmonary tb

61
Q

________ to therapy is biggest cause of failure when treating pulmonary tb

A

non adherence

62
Q

Treat Legionnaires disease with ______ antibiotic

A

macrolide

Patho Exam 3 (12 decks)

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