COPD PP 1-20

Question 1

3 classifications of obstructive pulmonary disorders (3)

Answer 1

1) In wall of lumen
2) Increasing pressure around the outside of the airway lumen
3) Airway lumen

Question 2

Airway obstruction that is reversible (not completely in some patients)

Answer 2

Asthma

Question 3

Airway inflammation

Increased airway responsiveness to a variety of stimuli

Answer 3

Asthma

Question 4

Most common chronic disease of children

Answer 4

Asthma

Question 5

Immunohistopathologic features of asthma include ______ and mast cell activation

Answer 5

edema

Question 6

Inflammatory cell infiltration by _______, ______, and lymphocytes in asthma

Answer 6

neutrophils; eosinophils

Question 7

Inflammation of the airway in asthma includes acute ________

Answer 7

bronchospasm

Question 8

Mucosal edema, mucous plug formation in ______

Answer 8

asthma

Question 9

In asthma there is ______ remodeling: thickening of basement membrane

Answer 9

airway wall

Question 10

Wheezing manifestation of ______

Answer 10

asthma

Question 11

Tightness of chest manifestation of ______

Answer 11

asthma

Question 12

Dyspnea manifestation of______

Answer 12

asthma

Question 13

Cough (dry or productive) manifestation of ______

Answer 13

asthma

Question 14

Increased sputum production (thick, tenacious, scant, and viscid) in ______

Answer 14

asthma

Question 15

Hyperinflated chest manifestation of _______

Answer 15

asthma

Question 16

Decreased breath sounds manifestation of _____

Answer 16

asthma

Question 17

Clinical manifestations of severe asthma attack include Use of accessory muscles of respiration
_______ retractions

Answer 17

intercostal

Question 18

Clinical manifestations of severe asthma attack include distant breath sounds with ________ wheezing

Answer 18

inspiratory

Question 19

Clinical manifestations of severe asthma attack include _____ and ______

Answer 19

orthopnea; agitation

Question 20

Clinical manifestations of severe asthma attack include tachypnea, which is > ______bpm, and tachycardia >______bpm,

Answer 20

30; 120

Question 21

Clinical manifestations of severe asthma attack include ______ paradoxus

Answer 21

pulsus

Question 22

________ is NOT a good indication of airflow in severe asthma attack

Answer 22

wheezing

Question 23

PEFR < ______L/min in severe asthma attack

Answer 23

80

Question 24

You can diagnose asthma through radiographic finding, which includes ______ with flattening of the _____-

Answer 24

hyperinflation; diaphragm

Question 25

You can diagnose asthma through _______ examination

Answer 25

sputum

Question 26

Charcot-Leyden crystals Eosinophils Curschmann spirals are types of ______ examination in _____

Answer 26

sputum; asthma

Question 27

You can diagnose asthma through ______ function tests

Answer 27

pulmonary

Question 28

Forced expiratory volumes ______ while diagnosing asthma

Answer 28

decrease

Question 29

Determines index of airway function when diagnosing asthma

Answer 29

Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR)

Question 30

Ratio of FEV1/FVC before and after administration of short-acting bronchodilator

Answer 30

Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR)

Question 31

Obstruction indicated by FEV1/FVC

Answer 31

75%

Question 32

_____ testing used for young patients with extrinsic asthma

Answer 32

skin

Question 33

When diagnosing asthma, _______ is normal during mild attack

Answer 33

ABG (arterial blood gas)

Question 34

Respiratory ____ and hypoxemia as bronchospasm increases in intensity used to test for ______ when diagnosing ______

Answer 34

alkalosis; ABG; asthma

Question 35

_____elevation: sign that patient is getting worse when diagnosing asthma

Answer 35

PaCO2

Question 36

Elevated _____ and eosinophils helps identify CBC when diagnosing ____

Answer 36

WBC'S; asthma

Question 37

_______ provocation testing used to diagnose asthma; test with _______or methacholine

Answer 37

Bronchial; histamine

Question 38

1) Avoid triggers 2) Environmental control 3) Preventive therapy Stop smoking, etc 4) Desensitization (allergen specific immunotherapy) all types of treatment for ______

Answer 38

asthma

Question 39

O2 therapy, small-volume nebulizers, B2 agonists, types of medications for ______

Answer 39

asthma

Question 40

corticosteroids, leukotriene modifiers, mast cell inhibitors types of medications for _____

Answer 40

asthma

Question 41

Epinephrine, subcutaneous terbutaline, aminophylline are meds to treat _______

Answer 41

status asthmaticus (severe attack unresponsive to routine therapy)

Question 42

intravenous corticosteroids (mainstay of therapy); oxygen therapy with or without mechanical ventilation are meds to treat _____

Answer 42

status asthmaticus (severe attack unresponsive to routine therapy)

Question 43

Acute inflammation of the trachea and bronchi leads to acute ______

Answer 43

bronchitis

Question 44

Viral or nonviral Heat Smoke inhalation causes of ______

Answer 44

acute bronchitis

Question 45

Inhalation of irritant chemicals Allergic reactions causes of _____

Answer 45

acute bronchitis

Question 46

Swelling of bronchial mucosa in children, associated with obstruction, respiratory distress, and wheezing a sign of ______ bronchitis

Answer 46

asthmatic

Question 47

In _______airways become inflamed and narrowed from capillary dilation

Answer 47

acute bronchitis

Question 48

In _________ there is Swelling from fluid exudation and Infiltration with inflammatory cells

Answer 48

acute bronchitis

Question 49

Increased mucus production Loss of ciliary function Loss of portions of the ciliated epithelium leads to __________

Answer 49

acute bronchitis

Question 50

Usually mild and self limiting Cough (productive or nonproductive) signs of ________

Answer 50

acute bronchitis

Question 51

Low-grade fever Substernal chest discomfort signs of _______

Answer 51

acute bronchitis

Question 52

Sore throat Postnasal drip Fatigue signs of ______

Answer 52

acute bronchitis

Question 53

What is the primary cause of acute bronchitis?

Answer 53

recent onset of cough

Question 54

_________ used to distinguish acute bronchitis from pneumonia

Answer 54

Chest x-ray

Question 55

Usually no treatment needed for viral

Answer 55

acute bronchitis

Question 56

Antibiotic therapy (bacterial) Codeine-containing medications (for cough) used to treat ________

Answer 56

acute bronchitis

Question 57

Increase fluid intake Avoid smoke Use a vaporizer in bedroom used to treat _________

Answer 57

acute bronchitis

Question 58

Cigarette smoking (90%) Repeated airway infections causes of _______

Answer 58

chronic bronchitis

Question 59

Genetic predisposition Inhalation of physical or chemical irritants causes of ______

Answer 59

chronic bronchitis