**Restorative/General Dentistry Flashcards
What is a vertical or horizontal surface within the cavity prep named for the surface(s) toward which it faces or approximates?
wall/floor
Define: cavosurface
the uncut tooth structure adjacent to the cavity prep
What is the different between a line angle and a point angle?
a line angle is the junction of two walls and a point angle is the junction of three walls within a cavity prep
Define: retentive features
grooves, pits or prepped areas in the dentin along the line angles or point angles of the cavity prep, to enhance the mechanical retention of the restorative materials
Define: pit and fissure cavity classifications
enamel defects that result from the incomplete fusion of the enamel in the developmental stages of a tooth
Define: smooth surface cavity classifications
begin on smooth tooth structure that is not kept clean and/or is not inaccessible to clean
Where is a Class 1 cavity prep located?
in the occlusal, lingual and facial surfaces
Where is a Class 2 cavity prep located?
on the proximal surfaces of posterior teeth
Where is a Class 3 cavity prep located?
on the proximal surfaces of anterior teeth; not involving the incisal edge
Where is a Class 4 cavity prep located?
on the proximal surfaces of anterior teeth, including the incisal edge
Where is a Class 5 cavity prep located?
on the gingival/cervical third of the facial/buccal or lingual surfaces
Where is a Class 6 cavity prep located?
on the incisal edge of anterior teeth or the cusp tips of posterior teeth
How many retentive pins are commonly placed for each missing cusp?
one
What are the three types of retentive pins?
-cemented
-friction-lock
-threaded
How is a cemented pin held in place?
by cement
How is a friction-lock pin held in place?
mechanically in the dentin
How is a threaded pin held in place?
mechanically by the dentin
List some common materials used for temporary restorations.
-zinc oxide-eugenol
-glass ionomer
-zinc phosphate
-polycarboxylate
True or False: Temporary restorations are typically left out of occlusion.
True
Define: armamentarium
the equipment, instruments, and materials needed to complete a procedure
What is the purpose of the working end of an instrument?
to carry out the function of the instrument
What is the purpose of the shank of an instrument?
to connect the working end to the handle
What is the purpose of the handle of an instrument?
to hold/grasp the instrument
How are condenser instruments used?
to condense or adapt restorative material into a cavity prep
Define: nib
the flat, smooth, working end of a condenser
How are carver instruments used?
to remove excess restorative materials and to contour the materials to blend with the natural tooth structure
How are burnisher instruments used?
to smooth amalgam after it has been placed in the cavity prep
What is the maximum rotations per minute (RPMs) for a high speed handpiece?
450,000
Why does the high-speed handpiece spray air/water during prep?
because the handpiece generates an extreme amount of heat, which can irritate the pulp
What is the maximum rotations per minute (RPMs) of a slow speed handpiece?
30,000
What is the working end of the bur?
the head
What connects the head of the bur to the shank?
the neck
What part of the bur is placed into the chuck of the handpiece to hold the bur inside?
the shank
How is a friction-grip shank held into the handpiece?
with friction
How is a latch-type shank held into the handpiece?
by notched areas on the shank to latch into the handpiece
What is the term for how an instrument is held?
grasp
Which instrument grasp is used when the instrument is supported between the index finger, middle finger, and thumb
pen grasp
Which instrument grasp is used when the instrument is supported like a pen, but the pad of the middle finger is placed on the handle of the instrument?
modified pen grasp
What is the ideal finger to use as a fulcrum?
the third finger
Define: fulcrum
the point of support or rest from which the hand moves to activate the instrument and obtain the best position or adaptation
What is the term describing the relationship between the working end of the instrument and the tooth surface?
instrument adaptation
What is the term describing the movement of an instrument?
instrument activation
Where is the pressure transferred when the instrument is activated?
to the working end of the instrument
Define: ergonomics
an applied science concerned with the design and arranging work area for efficiency in the workplace
How should the operator’s thighs be positioned for proper ergonomics?
parallel to the floor
How should the operator’s lower legs be positioned for proper ergonomics?
perpendicular to the floor
How should the operator’s feet be positioned for proper ergonomics?
flat against the floor
How far should the distance be between the patient’s face and the operator’s face?
12-14 inches
In right-handed dentistry, what is the operator zone in the “clock” diagram?
7-12:00
In left-handed dentistry, what is the operator zone in the “clock” diagram?
12-5:00
