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Expanded Functions Dental Assisting (EFDA)- Pennsylvania > **Dental Occlusion > Flashcards

**Dental Occlusion Flashcards

1
Q

Define: occlusion

A

the static relationship between the incising or masticating surfaces of maxillary and mandibular teeth or tooth analogs

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2
Q

Define: malocclusion

A

a problem in the way the maxillary and mandibular teeth fit together in mastication

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3
Q

Is a protrusive movement side-to-side or forward?

A

forward

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4
Q

Is a lateral excursive movement side-to-side or forward?

A

side-to-side

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5
Q

What teeth are used to determine the anterior-posterior plane?

A

canines and first molars

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6
Q

In evaluating the anterior-posterior plane, what is the ideal relationship of the maxillary and mandibular first molars?

A

the mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first molar fits into the buccal groove of the mandibular first molar

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7
Q

In evaluation the anterior-posterior plane, what is the ideal relationship of the maxillary canines with the mandibular arch?

A

The cusp of the maxillary canine fits in between the mandibular canine and the first premolar

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8
Q

What are the three main types of occlusion classifications?

A

Class 1, 2, 3

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9
Q

Which class of occlusion is broken down into two divisions?

A

Class 2 (divisions 1 and 2)

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10
Q

What classification of occlusion is considered “mesognathic/orthognathic?”

A

Class 1

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11
Q

What is Class 1 malocclusion?

A

normal molar and canine relationships but other maloposed teeth

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12
Q

What classification of occlusion is identified as “retrognathic?”

A

Class 2

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13
Q

What is the placement of the maxillary first molar and the maxillary canine in Class 2 occlusion?

A

the maxillary first molar is forward of the mandibular first molar, and the cusp of the maxillary canine occludes in a forward position of the mandibular lateral incisor and canine

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14
Q

What classification of occlusion is identified as overjet?

A

Class 2, Division 1

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15
Q

What is the difference between the two divisions in Class 2 occlusion classifications?

A

Class 2, Division 1- maxillary incisors are proclined/lean outward in a prominent overjet
Class 2, Division 2- maxillary incisors are tilted inward so that the overjet is not as pronounced as in Division 1

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16
Q

What classification of occlusion is identified as prognathic?

A

Class 3

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17
Q

What is the classification of occlusion commonly called “underbite?”

A

Class 3

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18
Q

Under what occlusion classification are the maxillary incisors positioned behind or inside the mandibular incisors?

A

Class 3

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19
Q

Define: anterior open bite

A

a gap between the incisal edges of the maxillary and mandibular incisors

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20
Q

Define: posterior open bite

A

a gap between the cusp tips and/or occlusal surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular premolars or molars

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21
Q

Define: crossbite

A

an abnormal relation of one or more teeth of one arch to the opposing arch/teeth, caused by a deviation of tooth position or abnormal jaw position

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22
Q

Define: anterior edge-to-edge bite

A

the incisal edges of the maxillary and mandibular incisors occlude

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23
Q

Define: posterior edge-to-edge bite

A

the cusp tips of the maxillary and mandibular premolars and/or molars occlude

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24
Q

What does “ICP” stand for?

A

intercuspal position

25
Q

What does “MIP” stand for?

A

maximum intercuspation

26
Q

Define: intercuspal position (ICP)/maximum intercuspation (MIP)

A

the complete intercuspation of the opposing teeth independent of condylar position

(how the teeth fit together regardless of jaw relationship)

27
Q

Define: centric relation

A

when the mandibular condoyles are directed anterior or superiorly

(bone-to-bone relationship, not identifying tooth relationship)

28
Q

Define: eccentric contacts

A

tooth-to-tooth contacts that occur when the jaw moves our of central relation position, either lateral excursion (left or right) or protrusive movement (forward)

29
Q

What are anterior teeth used for?

A

to incise or tear food and protect the posterior teeth by separating them when the jaw moves into eccentric positions

30
Q

Define: canine guidance

A

the contact of the maxillary and mandibular canines that separate the posterior teeth during a lateral excursive movement

31
Q

What are posterior teeth used for?

A

to masticate or crush food before swallowing, protect the anterior teeth that are not designed to withstand heavy occlusal forces and support the overall occlusion

32
Q

Define: working/functional cusps

A

the cusp tips occluding into the opposing teeth in ICP

33
Q

Define: non-working/non-functional cusps

A

the cusp tips that do not occlude into the opposing teeth in ICP

34
Q

What are the maxillary working/functional cusps in normal ICP?

A

lingual cusps

35
Q

What are the mandibular working/functional cusps in normal ICP?

A

buccal cusps

36
Q

What are the maxillary non-working/non-functional cusps in normal ICP?

A

buccal cusps

37
Q

What are the mandibular non-working/non-functional cusps in normal ICP?

A

lingual cusps

38
Q

Define: attrition

A

the gradual loss of toot structure along the biting surfaces due to occlusal wear

39
Q

Define: facet/wear facet

A

smoot/worn areas on the incisal or occlusal surfaces resulting from cuspal function during mastication

40
Q

What is a common cause of attrition?

A

heavy bruxism/clenching or grinding at night

41
Q

What is a common cause of a wear facet?

A

premature contact of teeth during mastication

42
Q

Define: erosion

A

a chemical reaction seen at the cervical third of a tooth, causing the wearing away of tooth structure

43
Q

What is a common cause of erosion?

A

acidic diets, acid reflux or eating disorders that cause excessive vomitting

44
Q

Define: abrasion

A

the wearing away of tooth structure at the cervical third caused by friction

45
Q

What is a common cause of abrasion?

A

aggressive brushing habits or hard toothbrush bristles

46
Q

How will heavy/premature occlusal marks appear after checking with the articulating paper?

A

dense or as a halo with a center that is clean

47
Q

Do anterior or posterior teeth typically have heavier occlusal contacts?

A

posterior teeth

48
Q

Should articulating paper marks left by excursive movements be removed?

A

Yes

49
Q

Should all occlusal markings be removed from a new restoration?

A

No

50
Q

When checking occlusion, is it ideal to have the teeth wet or dry?

A

Dry

51
Q

What instrument do you use to check occlusion?

A

articulating paper holder

52
Q

What is the ideal position for a patient to be in to check occlusion?

A

seated in an upright position

53
Q

Why should temporary restorations be kept out of occlusion?

A

to prevent post-op sensitivity or fracture until the final restoration is completed

53
Q

List some possible symptoms/conditions that a high bite can cause.

A

-excess tooth wear
-tooth pain or sensitivity
-fracture of the restoration or an opposing tooth
-shifting of a tooth
-widening of the PDL, resulting in a loosening of the tooth
-TMJ pain or additional clenching

53
Q

Can a temporary restoration be kept out of occlusion?

A

Yes

54
Q

What would a possible reason be that a restoration would be taken out of occlusion on the incisal edge?

A

to prevent fracture in excursive movements

55
Q

True or False: When possible, all restorations should adhere to ideal occlusal relationships

A

True

56
Q

In normal ICP, how are the anterior teeth positioned against each other?

A

the facial surfaces of the maxillary teeth are positioned facially to overlap the facial surfaces of the mandibular teeth

Expanded Functions Dental Assisting (EFDA)- Pennsylvania (12 decks)

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