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Expanded Functions Dental Assisting (EFDA)- Pennsylvania > **Composite Resin > Flashcards

**Composite Resin Flashcards

EFDA

1
Q

What is the process thorough which composite resin hardens?

A

polymerization

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2
Q

True or False: Composite restorations are held in place only by the use of chemical retention?

A

False

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3
Q

True or False: Composite has a lower rate of thermal expansion in comparison to amalgam?

A

True

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4
Q

Which dental restoration holds weakened cusps together?

A

Composite

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5
Q

True or False: The expansion and contraction rates of composite and natural tooth structure are similar.

A

True

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6
Q

Does composite cause a galvanic reaction?

A

No

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7
Q

Are larger or smaller filler particles in composite resins easier to polish?

A

Smaller

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8
Q

Can eugenol be use as a base under composite restorations?

A

No

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9
Q

Is a “butt joint” placed in conventional or modified type preparations?

A

conventional type

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10
Q

How many degrees is a bevel placed at on cavosurface margins?

A

45 degrees

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11
Q

What area of natural tooth structure does not properly support a bevel margin?

A

At areas of occlusion

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12
Q

What does the “BIS-GMA” stand for?

A

BIS= bisphenol A, GMA= glycidylmethacrylate

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13
Q

Is the BIS-GMA the organic or inorganic compound found in composite resins?

A

organic

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14
Q

What was the first type of inorganic particle fillers used in composite resins?

A

Macro-fill

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15
Q

Which composite resin’s particle size is most susceptible to extrinsic staining?

A

Macro-fill

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16
Q

Why are micro-fill composite resins difficult to view on radiographs?

A

Because they are radiolucent

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17
Q

Which has a higher percentage of inorganic filler at 75-80%?

Macro-fill or nano-fill?

A

Macro-fill

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18
Q

What is the type of filler material that is a combination of macro-fill and micro-fill particles?

A

Hybrid fill

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19
Q

What type of inorganic filler particles are developed in “clusters?”

A

Nano-fills

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20
Q

What are the filler particles treated with in composite resins to aid in providing a bond between them and the resin matrix?

A

Organic silane-coupling agent

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21
Q

What is the purpose of adding pigments into composite resin materials?

A

To provide color for shade matching

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22
Q

Which has a lower viscosity?

Flowable composite or packable composite

A

Flowable

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23
Q

Why can flowable composite not be used alone in large preparations?

A

Because of the lack of strength and the shrinkage rate

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24
Q

True or False: Packable composite has a higher shrinkage rate in comparison to flowable composite?

A

False

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25
Q

What is used for enamel conditioning?

A

Etch

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26
Q

What is used for dentin conditioning?

A

Bonding agents

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27
Q

What is the percentage of phosphoric acid in etch?

A

32-40%

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28
Q

How far onto the cavosurface margin should etch be extended onto?

A

1mm

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29
Q

What is it called when a bonding agent has the properties of being self-etching, plus has the primer and bonding agent in a single step?

A

Total Etch Technique

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30
Q

Does the tooth need to be completely dry after etch has been rinsed, and prior to applying bonding agent?

A

Yes

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31
Q

If a preparation becomes contaminated after rinsing etch and drying, you do not need to reapply etch prior to proceeding to the bonding process?

A

False

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32
Q

What should a properly etched tooth surface look like?

A

A frosty white appearance

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33
Q

What is used to remove the smear layer from a preparation?

A

Etch

34
Q

Is bonding agent a filled or unfilled resin?

A

Unfilled

35
Q

At what part of the process of placing a restoration are resin tags created?

A

When the bonding agent is cured

36
Q

Are bonding agents hydrophobic or hydrophilic in nature, before the addition of primers?

A

hyrdophobic

37
Q

What material provides the mechanical retention for composite restorations?

A

Etch

38
Q

What material provides the chemical retention for composite restorations?

A

Bonding agents

39
Q

How is polymerization activated in self-cure materials?

A

Chemically

40
Q

What type of polymerization allows for a longer working time?

A

Light cure

41
Q

True or False: Opaque shades could require a longer curing time than translucent shades?

A

True

42
Q

What is the air-inhibited layer of a composite restoration?

A

a thin layer of uncured resin that remains on the surface due to the exposure to air that inhibits polymerization?

43
Q

What is the material used to join resin composite to tooth structure?

A

Bonding agent

44
Q

What can be added to composite resin to make it easier to read on a radiograph?

A

Filler materials can be made to be radiopaque, including barium, stronium, zinc, or zirconium

45
Q

True or False: Composite fillings cannot be completed in one appointment, and patient’s need to be rescheduled to complete finishing and polishing of the restoration?

A

False

46
Q

Can copal varnish be used under composite?

A

No

47
Q

True or False: Complete isolation needs to be achieved for the success for a composite restoration.

A

True

48
Q

List the inorganic fillers that can be used in the composition of composite resin.

A

Quartz, silica, lithium aluminum silicate, barium glasses, zirconium, ziolite

49
Q

What type of inorganic filler material has 0.04 micron-sized particles?

A

Micro-fills

50
Q

What type of inorganic filler particles are a combination of micro-fills and hybrid fills?

A

Micro-hybrid

51
Q

What type of resin is commonly used in non-stress-bearing restorations, like Class V, or also as a base/liner?

A

Glass ionomer

52
Q

True or False: Glass ionomer cannot bond to dentin or cementum; only to enamel?

A

False

53
Q

What material is used to remove the smear layer?

A

Etch

54
Q

What is the smear layer?

A

The residue from the cut tooth structure that is left behind after prepping and is covering the dentinal tubules, until properly removed with etch

55
Q

How far away from the restoration should you hold the curing light during polymerization?

A

2-3mm

56
Q

What is a typical measurement of an incremental layer of composite?

A

2-3mm

57
Q

What type of shades can require longer curing times?

A

darker or more opaque shades

58
Q

Define: air-inhibited layer

A

a thin outer layer of uncured resin that remains on the surface due to exposure of the outer layer to air that inhibits polymerization

59
Q

How can you prevent the air-inhibited layer while curing an anterior composite restoration?

A

Cover the restoration with a mylar strip during polymerization

60
Q

In order to remove the air-inhibited layer after polymerization, should you overfill or underfill the restoration?

A

overfill

61
Q

What are the etching and bonding steps to be followed if a restoration has been cured and becomes contaminated, and more restorative material needs to be added back?

A

re-etch the area for 10-20 seconds, rinse and dry, and add a thin layer of bonding agent

62
Q

For the most accurate shade selection, should the tooth be moist or dry?

A

moist

63
Q

Of the three coronal thirds of a tooth, which area has the most translucency?

A

incisal third

64
Q

Of the three coronal thirds of a tooth, which area is the darkest?

A

cervical third

65
Q

Why is the cervical third of the coronal portion of the tooth darker than the incisal third?

A

it has thinner enamel, and the darker shade of the dentin can be seen

66
Q

Can bases or liners be placed on the dentin and enamel under a composite restoration?

A

only the dentin; it must be removed from the enamel before proceeding to the etching step

67
Q

Why do bonded restorations result in a smaller preparation than amalgam restorations?

A

less of a need for retentive undercuts/mechanical retention

68
Q

What materials can be dispensed in the inorganic filler?

A

quartz, silica, lithium aluminum silicate, barium glasses, or in nanofil composites- ground particles of zirconium and zeolite

69
Q

Why do the inorganic fillers enhance the physical properties of the finished composite restoration?

A

-increase the strength
-reduce thermal expansion

70
Q

Does amalgam or composite have better compressive strength?

A

composite

71
Q

How much is the rate of thermal expansion of composite in comparison to natural tooth structure?

A

3x

72
Q

What can be added to composite resin to make the final restoration more radiopaque?

A

stronium or barium glass filler

73
Q

What are the three color zones of the anatomical crown of a tooth?

A

cervical third, middle third, incisal/occlusal third

74
Q

What percentage of enamel conditioning solution should be used?

A

32-40%

75
Q

Define: dentinal sclerosis

A

a micro-structural change in dentin that occurs in response to caries or stimuli

76
Q

How does sclerotic dentin appear?

A

dark yellow and glassy/shiny

77
Q

What is the main purpose of etching dentin?

A

to remove the smear layer, which will improve mechanical retention from the dentin tubules to the restoration

78
Q

How far onto the cavosurface should you place etch?

A

1mm

79
Q

What is the difference in the retention techniques between composite and amalgam restorations?

A

Amalgam is not bonded and uses only mechanical retention; composite is bonded and uses both mechanical and chemical retention

80
Q

How is polymerization activated in self-cure composite?

A

chemically

81
Q

What is the polymerization process in dual-cure composite?

A

first the activator ingredient will react to a light source to begin polymerization, then a chemical reaction will occur in a time determined by the manufacturer’s instructions

Expanded Functions Dental Assisting (EFDA)- Pennsylvania (12 decks)

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