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NEU211 Intro to Neuro > Resting Membrane Potential > Flashcards

Resting Membrane Potential Flashcards

Quiz 2 & Exam 1

1
Q

What components make up the neuronal cell membrane?

A

Made up of a lipid bilayer, proteins, and some carbs

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2
Q

Is the head of the phospholipid hydrophobic or hydrophilic?

A

Hydrophilic

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3
Q

Is the tail of the phospholipid hydrophobic or hydrophilic?

A

Hydrophobic

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4
Q

The cell membrane is ______________

A

The Gatekeeper; slightly permeable

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5
Q

The main purpose of cell membrane is to

A

separate ICF from ECF

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6
Q

What are Glycolipids made of

A

Part sugar and part fat

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7
Q

What are glycoproteins made of

A

Part sugar and part protein

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8
Q

Cells are surrounded by

A

Extracellular fluid (ECF)

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9
Q

Cell membrane allows cells to: (2)

A
  1. Obtain from ECF what it needs at the right time
  2. Keep out what it does not need
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10
Q

What molecules pass easy?

A

Permeable to nonpolar + uncharged= hydrophobic substances EX: Lipids, O2, CO2

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11
Q

What molecules need help to pass?

A

Impermeable to Polar + Ionic = Hydrophilic; Water

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12
Q

Types of Transport (2)

A

Passive Transport (Diffusion) and Active Transport (ATPase)

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13
Q

What is diffusion?

A

No cellular energy (ATP) is required; the substance moves with the concentration gradient

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14
Q

With Concentration Gradient Movement

A

High-To-Low

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15
Q

What is Active Transport?

A

ATP required; Move against the concentration gradient

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16
Q

Against the concentration gradient

A

Low-To-High

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17
Q

Two types of diffusions

A

Simple diffusion and (Passive) facilitated diffusion

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18
Q

Diffusion continues until what is reached?

A

Equilibrium

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19
Q

Equilibrium

A

The point when solute is equally distributed between two regions

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20
Q

Rate depends on (2)

A
  1. Size of the concentration gradient
  2. Molecular weight of moving particles
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21
Q

Simple diffusion

A

Only H2O and hydrophobic (nonpolar) substances; freely diffuse; and do not need helper proteins

22
Q

Passive Transport: Facilitated Diffusion

A

Diffuse through channel proteins; Specific; certain hydrophilic/polar molecules

23
Q

Two types of active transport

A
  1. Primary Active Transport
  2. Vesicular Transport
24
Q

Primary Active Transport

A

Requires solute pump (Na/K); AGAINST concentration/electrical gradient; REQUIRES ATP

25
Q

Are there more K+ or Na+ channels in cell membrane

A

K+

26
Q

______ Na+ (In or Out) and ______ K+ (In or Out)

A

3 Na+ out; 2 K+ in

26
Q

Vesicular Transport

A

Vesicles bud off Golgi with material that needs to leave the cell; Moves to cell membrane and fuses with it

27
Q

Exocytosis

A

Expels contents to outside ECF

28
Q

K+ ICF and ECF concentrations

A

150mM ICF 5mM ECF
K+ flows out; hella leak channels

29
Q

Na+ ICF and ECF concentrations

A

10mM ICF 145mM ECF
Na+ flows in; Some channels

30
Q

Ca2+ ICF and ECF concentrations

A

<1mM ICF 5mM ECF
Ca2+ flows in; very small # of leak channels

31
Q

Cl- ICF and ECF concentrations

A

5mM ICF 100mM ECF
Cl- flows in; small # of leak channels

32
Q

There are many types of ________ proteins ______ the cell

A

Negative; Inside

33
Q

Why does the Na+/K+ pump require ATP to work?

A

It moves against the gradient (K+ in; Na+ out)

34
Q

Resting K+ channels are

A

always open

35
Q

Voltage-gated channels

A

Open at certain voltage levels; in response to change in the membrane potential

36
Q

Ligand-gated channels

A

Extracellular Lock & Key

37
Q

Signal-gated channels

A

Intracellular Lock & Key

38
Q

RMP (Resting Membrane Potential) value

A

-70mV

39
Q

How to measure membrane potential

A

Microelectrode goes inside axon

40
Q

Cells are more ______ inside than outside

A

Negative

41
Q

Nernst Equation

A

E=RT/zF Log (ions out/ions in)

42
Q

What does the Nernst Equation calculate

A

Calculates equilibrium potential for single ion crossing membrane

43
Q

Goldman-Hodgkin Katz Equation

A

Em=61/z log(Pna[Na]out-Pk[K]out/Pna[Na]in-Pk[K]in)

44
Q

Changes in membrane potential

A

Way to receive, integrate, and send information

45
Q

Two types of Membrane potentials (2)

A
  1. Graded potential
  2. Action potential
46
Q

Graded potentials

A

SHORT distances; unless the threshold is reached, they will decay

47
Q

Action Potentials

A

LONG distances; threshold is reached

48
Q

Depolarize

A

More positive

49
Q

Hyperpolarized

A

More negative

NEU211 Intro to Neuro (13 decks)

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