Responding to Emergency Care Flashcards
What is shock and causes
its a life threatening condition in which the circulatory system doesn’t send enough oxygen rich blood to the vital organs
causes: too much blood loss, extensive burns, a weak heart, too much fluid loss, infection, emotional)
What is the domino effect of how shock works
- in case of severe bleeding the heart beats faster to try and make up for los of blood
- peripheral blood vessels constrict to provide more blood to vital organs
- extremities lack blood, brain sends signals to increase flow to extremities but now not enough to vital organs, heart beats even faster
- heart does not get enough ox, starts to beat weird and eventually stops
Physical signs of shock
- anxiety
- cool,clamy, pale skin
- rapid breathing
- weakness
- confusion
- unconsciousness
- weak, rapid pulse
- vommiting
- drowsiness
symptoms the victim will report in shock
- report of anxiety
- report of weakness
- nausea
- report of drowsiness
- -By the time these symptoms appear, its too late to prevent shock. Therefore we need to treat the ill/injured for shock asap
what is the tx of shock while waiting for EMS
- care for the cause of the shock (control bleeding etc)
- Keep the person warm
- monitor ABCs
- Have the person rest
- give them comfort and reassurance
- dont give them anything to eat/drink
When should u move on to secondary survey and what are the 3 parts
only move on if ABCs are ok and no life threatening conditions
- Ask questions (SAMPLE etc)
- Check vitals (consciousness, RR, BP, pulse etc)
- head to toe check
What is the steps to a hands off head to toe check (4)
(can do this if the person is conscious)
- Get consent, let them know qualifications
- Observe areas not covered by clothes
- Check temp and skin appearence
- ask if pain is present and then to move each body part one at a time
Overall things to do in local injiry (4)
Direct questions
examine area
SAMPLE (s/s, allergies, meds, past hx, last intake/output, events leading to injury)
vital signs
What are the major things to do in unclear injury
1 Direct questions
- Head to toe hand on or hands off
- SAMPLE
- Vital signs
Hands on head to toe check (7)
- check head and neck
- check shoulders for bumps/deform
- Check chest (deep breathe)
- Press on abdomen to see if its hard (should be soft)
- Check the hips then in on sides
- . Check legs
- Check arms
What are the major things to do if person is unconsious
- Head to toe hands on
- Sample with witness
- MEdicalert
- Vital signs
What to do after secondayry survey
Must keep person comfortable and monitor ABCS continually until EMS responds
-Recovery pos (if breathing still)
S/s of hyperventilation and first aid for it
s/s- rapid, shallow breathing
feeling suffocating or not getting enough air
fear anxiety confusion etc
First aid- Check the scene and person ask for AED just in case -Check ABCs, tell person to relax/breath slow. -secondary survey
Asthma s/s
- wheeze when exhaling
- gasping for air or seem unable to catch breath
- upset
- feel chest tightening
Asthma first aid
Check- the scene and person
Call- Get their meds, family, determine if EMS needed
Care- Calm them down, slow breathing, secondary survery
s/s of allergic reactions
- previous alergic episodes
- rash,itching or hives
- tightness in chest and throat
- swelling of the lips, face ears, neck
- abnoral breathing sounds
Allergic rxn first aid
Check- scene and person Call- Determine if EMS needed Care -Make sure ABCs -Perform secondary survey -calm/reassure person -try to identify allergen
Anaphylasis s/s
A severe allergic rxn which may become life threatening (may go into respiratory arrest)
ss- Like allergic rxn but more intense, tongue and throat may swell
Anaphylaxis first aid
Check- the scene and person
Call- Call for epi pen, call EMS
Care- Ensure ABCs, provide secondary survey, calm person
Respiratory arrest s/s
- unconsiousness
- blueosh coloured lips/pale face
- lack of mvmt in chest and abdomen or ineffective
- lack of breath sounds
First aid in respiratory arrest
Check- scene and person
call- EMS
-Care
-Just do CPR
What to do in mild chocking
Coughing may indicate a mild airway obstruction
-encourage them to keep coughing and monitor them
Severe choking (s.s)
When a foreign object or swelling blocks the airway completely
s/s- Inability to breath, speak or cough
- change in face color
- panic in eyes
- one of both hands clutching the throat
First aid for CONSIOUS choking
Check- the scene and person
Call- EMS isn’t needed for mild choking
CAre-
-5 back blows to 5 abdominal thrusts and repeat
-either the object will dislodge or the pt will collapse and go unconsious
