Cardiac Emergency

Question 1

Controllable risk factors of cardiac emergencies

Answer 1

• healthy diet
• no smoking
• healthy weight
• no or minimal exercise
• good sleep
• manage stress/mental health

Question 2

Uncontrollable risk factors of cardiac emergencies

Answer 2

Age
Gender
fam hx

Question 3

What are the 3 most common cardiac emergencies

Answer 3

Angina
Heart attack
Cardiac arrest

Question 4

What is angina

Answer 4

Pain or pressure that someone feels when the heart (heart mm itself) is not getting enough oxygen to meet its need
–Due to partial or full occlusion of the vessels providing blood flow to the heart (can be reversible)

Question 5

S/s of angina

Answer 5

Squeezing/pressure in th chest
problems breathing
cold, sweaty skin
skin that is bluish or paler than normal
Nausea 
Denial

Question 6

What is a heart attack

Answer 6

Occurs when a coronary artery is completely blocked, so part of the heart doesn’t get any oxygen

Question 7

Heart attack symptoms in man

Answer 7

• Squeezing chest pain which often spreads to the shoulders, neck, jaw, or to one or both arms
• Problems breathing
• a pulse that is irregular or unusually fast/slow
• Blueish lips or skin that is paler than normal

Question 8

heart attacks in women symptoms

Answer 8

Mild unfocused chest discomfort that

• comes and goes
• doesnt feel like pain
• gets worse w activity
• gets better w rest
• strats mild and gets continually strong

Abdominal/back pain
tiredness
gastic discomfort
flu like symptoms

Question 9

First aid for individuals with heart attack/angina

Answer 9

Check- scene, person

Call- If signs and symptoms don’t go away with rest and or nitrogycerin call EMS

Care- Have the person rest comfortably, ask if he or she has nitrogylerin or ASA

Question 10

What should you ask someone before you give them nitrogylerin in a heart attack scenerio

Answer 10

As about ED meds- can bring BP down to dangerous lvls

Question 11

How should nitro/asa be given in a cardiac emergency scenerio

Answer 11

• The nitro dose may be repeated every 5 mins until pain is relieved or until a max of 3 doses have been administered
• if the first dose of nitro does not work suggest the person chew 2 low dose aspirins or one reg

-perform secondary survey

Question 12

What is clinical death vs biological death in cardiac arrest

Answer 12

Clinical death- occurs when the heart stops and is reversible

Biological death- occurs when the heart stops and is reversible

Question 13

To give the victim the best chance of survival what 3 actions need to be taken quick in cardiac arrest

Answer 13

• Activation of the EMS/911 system
• Provision of quality CPR
• Early difib

Question 14

What are the causes of cardiac arrest and mc

Answer 14

cardiovascular diease #1
Drowning
Suffication
certain drugs (opioids)
severe chest injuries
severe blood loss
electrocution

Question 15

Care for first aid cardiac arrest

Answer 15

• CPR and AED

- For each minute that the person has to wait for defibrillator, the chances of survival drops between 7-10%