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Microbiology & Immunology Unit II > Respiratory Viruses > Flashcards

Respiratory Viruses Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are the 3 types of influenza viruses?

A

A
B
C

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2
Q

Which type of influenza virus is most common and associated with greatest concerns?

A

A

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3
Q

only influenza virus type that has an animal reservoir

A

A

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4
Q

virus family of influenza

A

orthomyxoviridae

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5
Q

virus family of adenovirus

A

adenoviridae

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6
Q

virus family of rhinovirus

A

picornavirus

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7
Q

influenza virion type

A

enveloped

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8
Q

adenovirus virion type

A

non-enveloped

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9
Q

rhinovirus virion type

A

non-enveloped

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10
Q

influenza genome classification

A

8 segmented (-)ssRNA

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11
Q

influenza is identified by:

A

surface antigens HA and NA

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12
Q

what influenza surface antigen is critical to budding?

A

NA

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13
Q

influenza mode of transmission

A

aerosol, large and small droplets

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14
Q

influenza vaccine type

A

live attenuated

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15
Q

how are influenza pandemics thought to arise?

A

from avian strains

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16
Q

how are adenoviruses characterized?

A

by their serotype

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17
Q

adenovirus genome

A

dsDNA

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18
Q

adenovirus entry

A

via coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR)

19
Q

how does adenovirus leave its capsid?

A

pH triggered capsid disassembly

20
Q

what are the 3 phases of adenovirus gene expression

A

immediate-early
early
late

21
Q

influenza transcription and replication take place where?

A

nucleus

22
Q

influenza control/treatment

A

antiviral tx (amantidine)
zanamivir (tamiflu)
supportive care

23
Q

how does tamiflu work against influenza virus?

A

blocks release of budding virions

resistance uncommon

24
Q

how does antiviral treatment work against influenza virus? (amantidine)

A

blocks entry, inhibits M2 (influenza ion channel) activity

resistance common

25
Q

avian influenza

A

H5N1
H5 or H7 strains
highly pathogenic

26
Q

why does avian influenza replicate so much in body?

A

HPAI strains leave residues at HA cleavage site which allows replication throughout body

27
Q

H5N1 is characterized by:

A

skin lesions, necrotic & swollen combs, systemic infection

28
Q

immediate-early phase of gene expression in adenovirus

A

E1A portion of genome

29
Q

early phase of gene expression in adenovirus

A

5 genome sections

DNA replication & post-transcriptional events

30
Q

late phase of gene expression in adenovirus

A

take over of cellular mRNA synthesis

31
Q

adenovirus genome replication

A

replicated 5’ to 3’

one strand displaced

32
Q

adenovirus genome replication primed by

A

protein pTP

33
Q

adenovirus E3 gene produces proteins important to

A

host immune evasion

34
Q

adenovirus blocks

A

MHC-I expression to reduce CTL killing
TNF induced apoptosis
IFNa,b action keeping protein translation alive

35
Q

during what part of cell cycle does adenovirus DNA replication occur?

A

S phase

36
Q

T/F? majority of adenovirus respiratory disease occurs in people >14

A

false; under 14

37
Q

ARD is caused by adenovirus serotypes

A

4, 7

38
Q

adenovirus vaccine?

A

available to military personnel 17-50

39
Q

adenovirus respiratory disease symptoms

A

like common cold

inflammation, cough, nasal congestion

40
Q

rhinovirus is frequent cause of:

A

mild URT infections

41
Q

T/F? Rhinovirus has small antigenic diversity

A

false; over 100 serotypes making it difficul to develop vaccine

42
Q

rhinovirus vaccine?

A

no. too many serotypes

no antivirals either

43
Q

T/F? Rhinovirus has animal reservoir

A

false; human only

44
Q

rhinovirus symptoms

A

red nose, vessel dilation
mucopurulent runny nose
epithelial damage

Microbiology & Immunology Unit II (9 decks)

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