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Microbiology & Immunology Unit II > Herpes & HPV > Flashcards

Herpes & HPV Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a protypical member of

A

betaherpesvirus

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2
Q

this herpes type is characterized by variable host range, short replication cycle, rapid culture spread, efficient cell destruction, sensory ganglia latency

A

alphaherpesvirus

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3
Q

this herpes type is characterized by restricted host range, long replication cycle, slow growth in culture, CYTOMEGLIA, latency in a variety of tissues

A

betaherpesvirus

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4
Q

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a prototypical member of

A

gammaherpesvirus

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5
Q

this herpes type targets T & B lymphocytes, causes lytic infections, restricted host range, lymphoid tissue latency

A

gammaherpesvirus

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6
Q

Burkett’s lymphoma

A

EBV (gammaherpesvirus) associated carcinoma

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7
Q

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

A

EBV present in majority of tumors

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8
Q

which herpes virus does not have an innate antiviral host response

A

EBV

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9
Q

persist in hematopoietic progenitor cells and macrophages in vitro ; common persistent infection (not latency)

A

CMV

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10
Q

persistence of genome in memory B cells ; virus proteins ensure B cell proliferation and ___ genome replication

A

EBV

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11
Q

Role of antiviral therapy

A

inhibit viral genome replication

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12
Q

T/F? antiviral therapy ideal treatment for EBV induced lymphoproliferation

A

false

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13
Q

why is antiviral therapy not effective for EBV induced lymphoproliferation

A

act to inhibit viral genome replication but genome replication not essential for viral genome expression

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14
Q

genome for all herpes viruses and HPV

A

dsDNA

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15
Q

virion type for all herpesvirus

A

enveloped

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16
Q

virion type for HPV

A

non-enveloped

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17
Q

HPV proteins

A

L1 - cell attachment

L2 - membrane protection

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18
Q

how does HPV gain access?

A

abrasion of the skin

19
Q

where does HPV establish infection ?

A

basal layer

20
Q

required for HPV genome replication

A

cell polymerase

21
Q

HPV releases a (lytic/non lytic) virus?

A

non lytic

22
Q

HPV infection caused by

A

direct skin-skin contact - abrasions
fomites
mucous membranes more susceptible

23
Q

rare complication of HPV

A

respiratory papillomatosis

24
Q

HPV oncogenesis

A

cervical cancer
virus replication requires actively replicating cells
block tumor suppressor pathway and retinoblastoma protein for continued cell proliferation

25
Q

antiviral therapy

A

block specific steps in virus life cycle
must be active against replication but not cell function to reduce toxicity
resistance common

26
Q

antivirals preventing entry

A

enfuvirtide (HIV)

amantadine & rimantadine (influenza)

27
Q

antivirals preventing genome replication

A 
nucleoside analogs
acyclovir, gancyclovir, valgancyclovir 
Ribavirin
Foscarnet 
Nucleoside inhibitors of HIV & HBV
28
Q

why is gancyclovir more toxic?

A

effective against CMV but interferes with cellular kinase

29
Q

antivirals preventing viral proteases

A

ritonavir

30
Q

foscarnet MOA

A

herpesvirus
prevents viral polymerase activity
IV admin, toxic

31
Q

ribavirin MOA

A

nucleoside inhibitor of RNA viruses
inhibits polymerase or lower GTP in cell
impairs mRNA capping

32
Q

ritonavir MOA

A

blocks virus polypeptide cleaving

boosts activity of other protease inhibitors

33
Q

maturation of progeny viruses often requires

A

cleavage of viral polypeptide

34
Q

acyclovir specificity depends on

A

virus thymadine kinase (TK)

35
Q

antiviral challenges

A

bioavailability
specificity
toxicity

36
Q

natural antivirals

A

interferons
more effective against RNA viruses
one cell affected transmits resistance

37
Q

practice of introducing immunity to a pathogen

A

vaccination

38
Q

administration of a pathogenic agent to induce antibodies or cell-mediated immunity

A

active immunization

39
Q

administration of exogenously produced antibodies

A

passive immunization

40
Q

what type of polio vaccine is used in the us?

A

killed because polio rate in the US is so low

41
Q

important immune cell types in vaccines

A

B cells
CD8 T cells
CD4 T cells

42
Q

B cell only vaccines

A

pneumonococcal

HIB

43
Q

B and T cell vaccines

A

influenza
polio
oral typhoid

Microbiology & Immunology Unit II (9 decks)

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