Neurological Viruses Flashcards
when selected togaviruses and flaviviruses are transmitted through a vector
arthropod transmission
common vectors of arthropod transmission
mosquitoes
ticks
common reservoirs of arthropod transmission
birds
small mammals
arthropod transmission requires:
replication of virus in vector
EEE and VEE belong to what virus family?
Togavirus
EEE and VEE genome
(+)ssRNA
EEE and VEE virion
enveloped
T/F? EEE and VEE lack a capsid protein
false
EEE and VEE virus spread
virus introduced via arthropod bite
infect local cells and/or carried by Langerhans cells to LN
replicate and release into blood stream
infect other target organs like CNS
T/F? EEE and VEE are able to cross blood-brain barrier
true
T/F? EEE and VEE characterized by localized disease?
False; systemic disease
EEE and VEE encephalitic disease
fever, headache, irritability, restlessness, NVD, convulsions, coma
death days after onset in 1/3 patients
long term sequelae in those who recover
EEE and VEE prevention and treatment
Vaccine - TC83 live attenuated, inactivated C85
only given to at risk military
no treatment- supportive care
moquito control
West Nile Virus incubation
up to 2 weeks
T/F? Majority of West Nile Virus carriers are asymptomatic
true; small percentage have illness for a few days
Neuroinvasive disease in West Nile Virus
<1%
aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, flaccid paralysis, altered mental state, tremors
longterm sequelae
West Nile Virus prevention
no vaccine, no treatment
mosquito control
Rhabdoviridae
Rabies Virus
West Nile virus genome
(+)ssRNA
Rabies Virus genome
(-)ssRNA
T/F? All Neuroviruses studies here have an enveloped virion
true
this virus is characterized by its broad tropism
rabies virus
T/F? Rabies virus replicates in cytoplasm only
true
What triggers genome replication in rabies virus?
binding of N to RNA
T/F? Rabies virus typically produces stable interfering particles
False; frequently produces defective interfering particles
Rabies virus transmission
animal bite - more likely to cause disease if on face or head
Rabies virus reservoir
bats, skunks, raccoons
Rabies virus incubation period
1-3 months
Rabies virus spread
local replication until it finds neurons
moves along axoplasm of peripheral nerves to spinal ganglia, SC, and brain
spreads back to periphery, innervated salivary glands, replicates
Rabies virus symptoms
prickling at site of bite
fever, headache
hydrophobia- foaming at mouth
cerebral dysfxn, anxiety, confusion, delirium, hallucinations, etc..
Rabies virus prevention
Vaccine Post exposure prophylaxis (admin immediately for bites that break skin) - 4 doses Administer immunoglobulin (RIG) Vaccinate dogs and pets
