Neurological Viruses

Question 1

when selected togaviruses and flaviviruses are transmitted through a vector

Answer 1

arthropod transmission

Question 2

common vectors of arthropod transmission

Answer 2

mosquitoes

ticks

Question 3

common reservoirs of arthropod transmission

Answer 3

birds

small mammals

Question 4

arthropod transmission requires:

Answer 4

replication of virus in vector

Question 5

EEE and VEE belong to what virus family?

Answer 5

Togavirus

Question 6

EEE and VEE genome

Answer 6

(+)ssRNA

Question 7

EEE and VEE virion

Answer 7

enveloped

Question 8

T/F? EEE and VEE lack a capsid protein

Answer 8

false

Question 9

EEE and VEE virus spread

Answer 9

virus introduced via arthropod bite
infect local cells and/or carried by Langerhans cells to LN
replicate and release into blood stream
infect other target organs like CNS

Question 10

T/F? EEE and VEE are able to cross blood-brain barrier

Answer 10

true

Question 11

T/F? EEE and VEE characterized by localized disease?

Answer 11

False; systemic disease

Question 12

EEE and VEE encephalitic disease

Answer 12

fever, headache, irritability, restlessness, NVD, convulsions, coma
death days after onset in 1/3 patients
long term sequelae in those who recover

Question 13

EEE and VEE prevention and treatment

Answer 13

Vaccine - TC83 live attenuated, inactivated C85
only given to at risk military
no treatment- supportive care
moquito control

Question 14

West Nile Virus incubation

Answer 14

up to 2 weeks

Question 15

T/F? Majority of West Nile Virus carriers are asymptomatic

Answer 15

true; small percentage have illness for a few days

Question 16

Neuroinvasive disease in West Nile Virus

Answer 16

<1%
aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, flaccid paralysis, altered mental state, tremors
longterm sequelae

Question 17

West Nile Virus prevention

Answer 17

no vaccine, no treatment

mosquito control

Question 18

Rhabdoviridae

Answer 18

Rabies Virus

Question 19

West Nile virus genome

Answer 19

(+)ssRNA

Question 20

Rabies Virus genome

Answer 20

(-)ssRNA

Question 21

T/F? All Neuroviruses studies here have an enveloped virion

Answer 21

true

Question 22

this virus is characterized by its broad tropism

Answer 22

rabies virus

Question 23

T/F? Rabies virus replicates in cytoplasm only

Answer 23

true

Question 24

What triggers genome replication in rabies virus?

Answer 24

binding of N to RNA

Question 25

T/F? Rabies virus typically produces stable interfering particles

Answer 25

False; frequently produces defective interfering particles

Question 26

Rabies virus transmission

Answer 26

animal bite - more likely to cause disease if on face or head

Question 27

Rabies virus reservoir

Answer 27

bats, skunks, raccoons

Question 28

Rabies virus incubation period

Answer 28

1-3 months

Question 29

Rabies virus spread

Answer 29

local replication until it finds neurons

moves along axoplasm of peripheral nerves to spinal ganglia, SC, and brain

spreads back to periphery, innervated salivary glands, replicates

Question 30

Rabies virus symptoms

Answer 30

prickling at site of bite
fever, headache
hydrophobia- foaming at mouth
cerebral dysfxn, anxiety, confusion, delirium, hallucinations, etc..

Question 31

Rabies virus prevention

Answer 31

Vaccine 
Post exposure prophylaxis (admin immediately for bites that break skin) - 4 doses
Administer immunoglobulin (RIG)
Vaccinate dogs and pets