Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Microbiology > Respiratory Viruses > Flashcards

Respiratory Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

Influenza belongs to which virus family?

A

Orthomyxoviridae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Influenza is a (___) (+/-) ____ (ss/ds) ____ (RNA/DNA) _____ (enveloped/non-enveloped) virus.

A

(-); ss; RNA; enveloped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Adenovirus is a ____ (ss/ds) DNA _____ (enveloped/non-enveloped) virus.

A

ds; non-enveloped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which virus is (+)ssRNA, non-enveloped virus that causes respiratory disease?

A

Rhinovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which virus family does Rhinovirus share with Polio?

A

Picornavirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What three viruses belong to the Picornaviridea family?

A

Hep A, Polio and Rhinovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the three types of Influenza viruses?

A

A, B and C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Type ___ (A, B, and C) is the most common Influenza and associated with the greatest concern.

A

Type A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T/F. The influenza virus has a non-segmented RNA genome.

A

False. The genome is segmented.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The _____(HA/NA/M2) protein is responsible for cell attachment of the influenza virus.

A

hemagglutinin (HA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The ____ (HA/NA/M2) protein is associated with viral budding and release of the influenza virus.

A

Neuraminidase (NA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ion channel is associated with the ____ (HA/NA/M2) protein of influenza virus.

A

M2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The vaccine for influenza contains ___ (1/2/3) type A and ___ (1/2/3) type B viruses.

A

2; 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What protein is the major determinant in the identification of avian vs human influenza viral strains?

A

HA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Alpha ____(2,3/2,6) sialic acid linkages are associated with Avian influenza virus.

A

2,3.

2,6 is found in the human strain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the animal reservoir for Type A influenza?

A

aquatic water fowl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Aquatic water fowl experience what symptom when infected with influenza?

A

diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The antigenic sites on the HA protein have an ____ (increase/decrease) in genetic drift.

A

increase. This increases the frequency of mutation and decreases antibody recognition.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Uptake by the _____ induces a conformational change triggered by a decrease in ____. This causes the membrane to ____ and allows cell entry.

A

endosome; pH; fuse.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Transcription and replication of the Influenza virus takes place in the ___ (nucleus/cytoplasm).

A

nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How is influenza virus transmitted?

A

aerosol, large and small droplets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

T/F. Eggs are better host for the Influenza virus than humans.

A

False. ID50 is a low as 0.3 to .6

23
Q

Type ___ (A/B/C) influenza virus and ______ lead to a complication known as Reye syndrome.

A

B; aspirin

24
Q

What temperature in eggs does influenza virus kept?

25
Why are new vaccines developed every year for influenza virus?
virus mutations - antigenic shift
26
What three components are in the live, attenuated Influenza virus?
H3N2, H1N1, and type B
27
Coinfection of what strain uses reassortment to generate the Type A strain?
PR8 strain
28
Development of resistance is common in which of the following antiviral drugs: amantidine, rimantidine, zanamivir, oseltamivir (Tamiflu).
Resistance: Amantidine, rimantidine | No resistance: zanamivir, oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
29
Which drugs block the release of budding influenza virions?
zanamivir and oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
30
Which influenza pandemic affected healthy individuals? What was the cause?
1918 Spanish Flu due to cytokine storm
31
What strain was responsible for the 1918 Spanish Flu?
H1N1 strain
32
What strain was responsible for the 1957 Asian Flu?
H2N2 strain
33
Which influenza pandemic affected elderly and young children?
1957 Asian Flu
34
What strains are responsible for the highly pathogenic Avian Influenza?
H5 or H7 strains
35
H5 and H7 strains can mutate to _____ strains, which have multibasic residues at HA cleavage sites allowing for replication throughout the body (systemic infection).
HPAI
36
What organism was used a a model for human infection?
ferrets
37
After ___ (5/10) generations, the virus was capable of airborne transmission between animals ( ___(5/10) mutations in ___ (2/3) genes).
10; 5; 2
38
What are the two most frequently studied Adenovirus serotypes?
2 & 5
39
What receptors does the Adenovirus use to gain entry into the cell?
Coxsackie-Adenovirus receptor (CAR)
40
How does the Coxsackie-Adenovirus receptor work?
pH triggered capsid disassembly then genome moves to the nucleus
41
How many phases is the gene expression of adenovirus?
Three phases. Immediate early, early, and late
42
In the Immediate-early phase, two transcriptional regulators (cell and virus) interact with the ____ portion of the genome.
E1A
43
The early phase contains ____(4/5) genomes and is involved in DNA replication and post transcriptional events.
5
44
During the late phase, there is a take over of cellular ____ (DNA/mRNA) synthesis.
mRNA
45
During genome replication, the one displaced strand _______ to allow a template copy to be made.
circularizes
46
Adenovirus ____(E1A/E1B) inactivates pRb leading to S phase gene expression.
E1A
47
Adenovirus ___ (E1A/E1B) inactivates p53 leading to S phase and preventing apoptosis.
E1B
48
What are some ways that E3 gene products evade the immune system?
1. Block MHC class I expression reducing CTL cell killing. 2. Blocks TNF induced apoptosis. 3. Blocks IFN-alpha and -beta action keeping protein translation active.
49
___ (25/50/75)% of respiratory infections caused by adenovirus occur before the age of 14.
75
50
Acute respiratory disease (ARD) causes severe pneumonia in which patients?
military recruits. vaccine available
51
T/F. Humans are the ONLY know reservoir for Rhinovirus disease.
True.
52
How does Rhinovirus evade the immune system?
It attaches to intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), which plays a role in the recruitment of inflammatory cells.
53
What two receptors does Rhinovirus bind to?
ICAM-1 and VLDL
54
T/F. Rhinovirus has no vaccines and no antivirals.
True. No vaccines because too many serotypes. No antivirals because resistant mutants.

Microbiology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions