respiratory therapy

Question 1

• Leukotriene Inhibitors
• Beta-2 Agonists
• Steroidal Anti-Inflammatories

Answer 1

respiratory therapy drug classes

Question 2

Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and allergic rhinitis

Answer 2

commonly encountered respiratory diseases

Question 3

_________ is a chronic disease characterized by hyper-responsive airways

Answer 3

asthma

Question 4

______ includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis and is currently the fourth most common cause of preventable deaths in the US

Answer 4

COPD

Question 5

ATOPIC and hypersensitive pt

Answer 5

steroid responders

Question 6

characterized by itchy, watery eyes, runny nose, and a nonproductive cough, is an extremely common condition

Answer 6

allergic rhinitis

Question 7

• Montelukast [Singulair®]
• Albuterol [ProAir HFA®]
• Fluticasone/Salmeterol [Advair Diskus®]
• Mometasone [Nasonex®]

Answer 7

respiratory therapies

Question 8

extremely susceptible to pneumonia due to phlegm

Answer 8

pt with bronchitis

Question 9

pt presents with conjunctivitis in addition to what disease due to nasal and eye pathway connection?

Answer 9

allergic rhinitis

Question 10

most prescribed/popular leukotriene inhibitor

Answer 10

montelukast (singulair)

Question 11

• INDICATION
– Asthma*, bronchospasm, allergic
rhinitis
• DOSING [10mg] – 1 tab qd

Answer 11

montelukast

Question 12

drug is used chronically and for prophylaxis

Answer 12

montelukast

Question 13

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY – Leukotriene Inhibitor
• Mechanism of Action
– Selectively binds to airway cysteinyl leukotriene receptors blocking their stimulation by their endogenous
ligands (LTC4, LTD4, LTE4) which are released by mast cells and eosinophils

Answer 13

montelukast

Question 14

blocks leukotriene receptor specifically

Answer 14

montelukast

Question 15

unlike albuterol, this drug is not an aerosol

Answer 15

montelukast

Question 16

ADVERSE EFFECTS
• Common: headache, flu-like symptoms, pruritus, rash, restlessness

SERIOUS ADVERSE EFFECTS
• Hematology: thrombocytopenia
• Hypersensitivity: erythema nodosum, angioedema

Answer 16

montelukast adverse effects

Question 17

ADVERSE EFFECTS
• Common: headache, flu-like symptoms, pruritus, rash, restlessness

SERIOUS ADVERSE EFFECTS
• Hematology: thrombocytopenia
• Hypersensitivity: erythema nodosum, angioedema

Answer 17

montelukast adverse effects

Question 18

instead of pt using beta 2 agonist and steroids, if put on this drug it can reduce adverse side effects of the other drugs that could have serious complications

Answer 18

montelukast

Question 19

serves as chemotaxic (recruitment of immune cells) mediators

Answer 19

leukotriene

Question 20

by blocking leukotriene what happens to immune system

Answer 20

immune system is unable to respond –> therefore flu symptoms are created

Question 21

CONSEQUENCE of thrombocytopenia

Answer 21

hemmorhage

Question 22

thrombocytopenia

Answer 22

platelet reduction in circulation

Question 23

erythema nodosum

Answer 23

development of redness, manifested in arms and shin

Question 24

DRUG INTERACTIONS

• None involving ocular therapeutics

Answer 24

montelukast drug interaction

Question 25

short acting beta two agonist

Answer 25

number one drug to provide quick relief of symptoms in asthma

Question 26

can produce cataracts, elevated iop, impaired wound healing, infection

Answer 26

steroids

Question 27

• INDICATION
– Asthma, bronchospasm, COPD
• DOSING [90μg/puff] – 2 puffs q4-6h

Answer 27

albuterol

Question 28

distinction b/w montelukast and albuterol

Answer 28

albuterol is inhaled through mouth therefore only benefits lungs; while montelukast benefits nose and lungs

Question 29

distinction b/w montelukast and albuterol

Answer 29

albuterol is inhaled through mouth therefore only benefits lungs; while montelukast benefits nose

Question 30

distinction b/w montelukast and albuterol

Answer 30

albuterol is inhaled through mouth therefore only benefits lungs; while montelukast benefits nose

Question 31

• CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY – Short Acting β2 Agonist
• Mechanism of Action
– Selectively stimulates β2 adrenergic receptors causing relaxa3on in airway smooth muscle

Answer 31

albuterol moa

Question 32

ADVERSE EFFECTS
• Common: cough, dizziness, headache SEVERE ADVERSE EFFECTS
• Respiratory: paradoxical bronchospasm
• CVS: hypertension, angina, MI, arrhythmias

Answer 32

albuterol adverse effects

Question 33

cough due to local irritation; different cough than salmeterol???

Answer 33

albuterol

Question 34

causes a paradoxical bronchospasm

Answer 34

albuterol

Question 35

would u use phenylephrine to dilate on a pt taking albuterol?

Answer 35

no, cuz it might increase bp further; always check their bp

Question 36

how do we remember hyper/hypotension?

Answer 36

think beta 2 agonist elevates bp

Question 37

if taking too much albuterol, it can effect bp how?

Answer 37

increase it

Question 38

DRUG INTERACTIONS
• Amphotericins, CAIs, Steroids, Macrolides (Hypokalemia)
• Macrolides, Fluoroquinolones, Azoles (QT prolongation)
• Sympathomimetics (Additive)

Answer 38

albuterol drug interactions

Question 39

would u use phenylephrine to dilate on a pt taking albuterol?

Answer 39

no cuz it might increase bp further; always check their bp

Question 40

how do beta blockers work for treating glaucoma?

Answer 40

Beta-blocker eyedrops work well to reduce how much fluid is made in the eye. They lower the pressure inside the eyes by about 25%. (reduce aqhu and lower pressure)

Question 41

how do beta blockers work for treating glaucoma?

Answer 41

Beta-blocker eyedrops work well to reduce how much fluid is made in the eye. They lower the pressure inside the eyes by about 25%. (reduce aqhu and lower pressure)

Question 42

asthma treatment for long term control

Answer 42

long acting beta 2 agonist and/or corticosteroid

Question 43

asthma treatment for quick relief of symptoms

Answer 43

short acting beta 2 agonist

Question 44

unlike the cough, an adverse effect seen in ace inhibitors, this drug causes a cough due to local inflammation

Answer 44

albuterol