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systemic pharm > DRUG MECHANISMS and indications (final) > Flashcards

DRUG MECHANISMS and indications (final) Flashcards

1
Q

PDE-5 Inhibitor; sustains the vasodilatory effects of nitric oxide-dependent synthesis of cGMP

A

sildenafil moa

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2
Q

indications for sildenafil

A

ED and pulmonary arterial HTN

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3
Q

Inhibits vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor synthesis (II, VII, IX, X, proteins C and S)

A

coumadin moa

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4
Q

indication for coumadin

A

anticoagulation

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5
Q

Binds to Antithrombin-III and accelerates its activity, inhibiting thrombin and Factor-Xa

A

enoxaparin moa

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6
Q

indication for enoxaparin

A

post op DVT prophylaxis, unstable angina

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7
Q

Prodrug: metabolized to active metabolite by the CYP450 enzyme CYP2C19

Irreversible inhibition of platelet ADP receptors which normally trigger platelet activation and aggregation via downstream activation of the GP llb/llla complex

A

clopidogrel moa

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8
Q

indication for clopidogrel

A

acute coronary syndrome, thrombotic event prophylaxis

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9
Q
  • Fab Fragment: a chimeric human-murine mAB
  • Binds to the GP llb/llla receptor of human platelets and inhibits platelets aggregation
  • Binds to the vitronectin (αvβ3) receptor on platelets and vessel wall endothelial and smooth muscle cells
A

moa for abciximab

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10
Q

indication for abciximab

A

An adjunct to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for the prevention of cardiac ischemic complications, Unstable Angina

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11
Q

Competitively inhibits HMG-CoA Reductase which is responsible for an early, rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis

Increases hepatic LDL receptors, enhancing catabolism

A

atorvastatin moa

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12
Q

atorvastatin indication

A

hyperlipidemia/cvd prevention

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13
Q

Stimulates nuclear receptor PPAR which modulates transcription of insulin sensitive genes in liver, muscle and adipose tissue

Enhances HDL production; inhibits triglyceride synthesis and stimulates catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins

A

fenofibrate moa

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14
Q

indications for fenofibrate

A

hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia

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15
Q

Inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue, resulting in reduced hepatic VLDL synthesis and production of LDLs in the plasma

A

nicotinic acid moa

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16
Q

indication for nicotinic acid

A

hypertriglyceridemia
hypercholesterolemia
mixed dyslipidemia

17
Q

Biguanide-based; activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) which in turn suppresses hepatic gluconeogenesis & intestinal glucose absorption; increases insulin sensitivity

A

metformin moa

18
Q

indication for metformin

A

DM 2 and PCOS

19
Q

Stimulates pancreatic islet beta cell insulin release

Actions involve binding to an ATP-dependent K+ channel: blocked efflux leads to depolarization, Ca++ release and insulin vesicle effusion

A

moa for glipizide

20
Q

indication for glipizide

A

DM 2

21
Q

A thiazolidinedione (aka glitazone) insulin sensitizer selectively stimulates nuclear receptor PPAR which increases insulin sensitivity in liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue

A

MOA of pioglitazone

22
Q

indication of pioglitazone

A

dm 2

23
Q

sitagliptin moa

A

Inhibits dipeptidyl peptidase-4, slowing incretin breakdown, increasing insulin synthesis/release, decreasing glucagon levels

24
Q

indiaction for sitagliptin

A

dm2

25
Q

Slow release, micro-crystallized rDNA insulin analog for stable day-long blood sugar regulation to be used in post-prandial combination with fast acting insulin

A

moa for insulin glargine

26
Q

Irreversibly inhibits gastric parietal cell H+-K+-ATPase, thereby inhibiting gastric acid secretion

A

esomeprazole moa

27
Q

indication for esomeprazole

A

GERD
Gastric ulcer prophylaxis (nsaid associated)
hypersecretory disorders
h. pylori infection

28
Q

Selective antagonism of gastric parietal cell H2 receptors

A

cimetidine moa

29
Q

cimetidine indications

A

gerd
peptic ulcer
dyspepsia

30
Q

Synthetic T4 (tetra-iodothyronine)

A

levothyroxine

31
Q

indication for levothyroxine

A

hypothyroidism

32
Q

Binds to estrogen receptors, developing and maintaining female sex characteristics and reproductive systems

A

estrone moa

33
Q

estrone indication

A

Menopause, Breast Cancer, Prostate Cancer, Osteoporosis prevention

34
Q

Having a strong affinity for Ca2+, these drugs accumulate in bone where, upon ingestion by osteoclasts, they inhibit the HMG-CoA reductase pathway and leads to cell death, reducing bone resorption and turnover (bisphosphonate)

A

alendronate moa

35
Q

indication for alendronate

A

Osteoporosis

Paget’s Bo Dz

36
Q

Acts as a folic acid analogue, inhibits DHFR, thus preventing formation of FH4

Inhibits lymphocyte proliferation

A

methotrexate moa

37
Q

indication for methotrexate

A

RA
psoriasis
Choriocarcinoma

systemic pharm (16 decks)

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