Respiratory System U5

Question 1

Nasal Cavity; Pharynx; Glottis; Larynx

Answer 1

• Air is warmed, filtered, and moistened
• Back of throat; Common passage for air and food
• Top of larynx, Upper windpipe, covered by epiglottis when swallowing
• Voice box with vocal chords, Adams apple

Question 2

Vocal Chords; Trachea; Bronchi; Bronchiolse

Answer 2

• Vibrate as air passes creating sound
• Windpipe, made of rings of cartilage to prevent collapsing, cillia moves debris out of respiratory systems
• Branches off the trachea, one to each lung (bronchus)
• Smaller branches of bronchi, no cartilage

Question 3

Alveoli; Pleural Membranes; Thoracic Cavity; Diaphragm; Ribs

Answer 3

• Rounded end of bronchioles; exchange of gas occurs
• Covers surface of lungs (double membrane); Surface slides over body wall easy; seals thoracic cavity
• Chest Cavity; Diaphragm to throat
• Horizontial muscle; separate thoracic and abdomendal cavities
• Protects organs, increase volume of thoracic Cavity when contact intercostal muscle

Question 4

Journey to Alveoli

Answer 4

Cleansed of debris; Adjusted to temperature; Adjusted to 100% humidity

Question 5

Pleural Membranes

Answer 5

2; one to lungs, other to ribs and diaphragm; closed together creating vacuum
Lungs collapse if punctured;

Question 6

Four Process of Respiratory system

Answer 6

Breathing; External respiration (exchange between blood and lungs); Internal Respiration (exchange between blood and body tissues)l Cellular respiration (Production of ATP in cell)

Question 7

Inhalation

Answer 7

When carbon dioxide/hydrogen ion get too high Medulla Oblongata is stimulated; Nerve impulse sent from MO to diaphragm and rib cage; Diaphragm contracts and lowers, rib muscles contract and raise, increase chest cavity and decreases air pressure; Partial vacuum created; Air rushes into lungs to restore balance

Question 8

Exhalation

Answer 8

Lungs are full, stretch receptors are stimulated in Aveoli; Medulla Oblongata stops sending messages; Diaphragm and rib muscles relax; Chest cavity gets smaller, increase pressure, forcing air out

Question 9

External Respiration8

Answer 9

High concentration of oxygen in aveoli diffuses into blood stream; Joins hemoglobin, forms oxyhemoglobin and hydrogen ion; H+ picked up by bicarbonate producing CO2 and H2O which diffuses into aveoli and lungs to be exhaled; Carbonhemoglobin breaks down CO2 and hemoglobin, carbon exhaled, oxygen picked up

Question 10

Internal Respiration

Answer 10

9% CO2 diffuses, travels through blood dissolved CO2
27% CO2 Binds hemoglobin - Carbaminohemoglobin
64% CO2 reacts to water - Carbonic Acid - Bicarbonate Ion and Hydrogen Ions
H reacts with oxyhemoglobin - reduced hemoglobin
Oxygen diffuses into tissue - High to low areas of concentration