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Pharmacology Medication Exam 2 > Respiratory System Medications Part 1 > Flashcards

Respiratory System Medications Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Beta 2 -Adrenergic Agonists: Prototypes

A

Short Acting: albuterol [Proventil / Ventolin]
Long Acting: formoterol [Foradil / Aerolizer] & salmeterol [Serevent]

If it ends in -terol its likely a Beta 2 - Adrenergic Agonist

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2
Q

Beta 2 - Adrenergic Agonists: EPA

A

Stimulates beta2-adrenergic receptors in the smooth muscle resulting in bronchodilation

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3
Q

Beta 2 - Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Use

A

Rescue medication used to treat or prevent bronchospasm in diseases like asthma or obstructive airway diseases

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4
Q

Beta 2 - Adrenergic Agonists: ADRs

A

Chest pain, Palpitations, Nervousness, Restlessness, Tremors, and Agitation

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5
Q

Beta 2 - Adrenergic Agonists: Contraindications

A

Severe CAD
MAOI and Tricyclic antidepressants as they increase the risk of HTN, tachycardia, and angina

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6
Q

Inhaled Anticholinergics: Prototypes

A

ipratropium [Atrovent]

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7
Q

Inhaled Anticholinergics: EPA

A

Blocks the muscarinic Ach receptors in the bronchi inhibiting bronchoconstriction

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8
Q

Inhaled Anticholinergics: Therapeutic Use

A

Long-term management of asthma or COPD where bronchoconstriction and secretions are increased.

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9
Q

Inhaled Anticholinergics: ADRs

A

Dry mouth, Urinary retention, and Increased intraocular pressure

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10
Q

Inhaled Anticholinergics: Contraindications

A

Glaucoma, BPH, and Bladder neck obstruction.

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11
Q

Methylxanthines: Prototype

A

theophylline [Theolair]

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12
Q

Methylxanthines: EPA

A

Relaxes the Bronchial smooth muscle. [Promotes Bronchodilation]

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13
Q

Methylxanthines: Therapeutic Use

A

Second-line treatment for chronic lung disorder [do not use for COPD]. Narrow therapeutic range

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14
Q

Methylxanthines: ADRs

A

Tachycardia, Agitation, Seizures

Toxicity: Ventricular dysrythmia or convulsions

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15
Q

Methylxanthines: Contraindications

A

Liver dysfunction, Heart disease, and Seizure disorders

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16
Q

Inhaled Glucocorticoids: Prototype

A

beclomethasone [QVAR]

17
Q

Inhaled Glucocorticoids: EPA

A

Suppress release of inflammatory mediators and decrease airway eosinophil recruitment. Also increases sensitivity and number of bronchodilators

18
Q

Inhaled Glucocorticoids: Therapeutic Use

A

Prophylactic management of asthma with inhaled steroids.

19
Q

Inhaled Glucocorticoids: ADRs

A

Pharyngitis, Cough, Dry mouth, and Thrush [Rinse with water after use]

20
Q

Inhaled Glucocorticoids: Contraindications

A

Live virus immunizations and Oral candidaisis

21
Q

GLUCOCORTICOIDs: Prototype

A

prednisone
methylprednisolone [IV]

22
Q

GLUCOCORTICOIDs: EPA

A

All reduce inflammation. Varies for the most part though as multiple mechanisms of action

23
Q

GLUCOCORTICOIDs: Therapeutic Use

A

Decreases inflammation response. Used to treat: Asthma, COPD, Arthritis, Rhinitis, Cancer, Inflamed Bowels, and Spinal injuries

24
Q

GLUCOCORTICOIDs: ADRs

A

Weight gain
Hyperglycemia
Immunosuppression
Bone disease
Paper skin

Shock, Heart failure, and Cardiac dysrhythmia [Cardiovasular symptoms

Insomnia [CNS Stimulant[]

Fainting, Weakness, and Hypotension

25
Q

GLUCOCORTICOIDs: Contraindications

A

Any type of infection I.e:
Live vaccines
Systemic fungal infections
Antibiotic-resistant infections

26
Q

GLUCOCORTICOIDs: Interventions

A

Take with food
Taper
Do not stop abruptly
treats symptoms not cure.

27
Q

Leukotriene Modifiers: Prototype

A

montelukast [Singulair]

28
Q

Leukotriene Modifiers: EPA

A

Prevents leukotrienes from binding to receptors

29
Q

Leukotriene Modifiers: Therapeutic Use

A

Used in patients with asthma that does not respond to other treatments. Only PO
NOT USED FOR ACUTE EPISODES OF ASTHMA
Take 2 hours before exercise.

30
Q

Leukotriene Modifiers: ADRs

A

For the most part its just behavioral changes though…

Black Box Warning:
Neuropsychiatric events are reported [aggressive behavior, insomnia, suicidal ideation, and hallucination]

31
Q

Leukotriene Modifiers: Contraindications

A

Liver disease

Pharmacology Medication Exam 2 (11 decks)

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