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Pharmacology Medication Exam 2 > Hematologic Medications > Flashcards

Hematologic Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Iron Supplements: Prototype:

A

Ferrous Sulfate [Feosol] [PO]
Iron Dextron [IV / IM]

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2
Q

Iron Supplements: ADR:

A

GI disturbances

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3
Q

Iron Supplements: Contraindications

A

Antacids will reduce absorption
Taking it across the day will increase the potency of RBC production

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4
Q

Iron Supplements: Toxicity

A

Deferoxamine is used to reverse Iron toxicity.

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5
Q

B12 Supplements: Prototype

A

Cyanocolabalamin [B. 12]

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6
Q

B12 Supplements: ADRs

A

Hypokalemia

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7
Q

Erythropoietic Growth Factor: Prototype

A

epoetin alfa [Epogen]

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8
Q

Erythropoietic Growth Factor: EPA

A

Mimics erythropoietin in the bone marrow

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9
Q

Erythropoietic Growth Factor: Therapeutic Use

A

chronic renal failure, pre-op anemia, chemotherapy, HIV treatment Zidovudine.

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10
Q

Erythropoietic Growth Factor: ADR

A

HTN, cardiac event risk, progression of certain malignancies.

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11
Q

Erythropoietic Growth Factor: Contraindications

A

Uncontrolled HTN
Caution in clients with cancer
Dialytic patients

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12
Q

Erythropoietic Growth Factor: Interventions

A

Moniter Hg levels
Lowest dose possible
Report signs of MI / CVA

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13
Q

Thrombin / Xa inhibitor: Prototype

A

Heparin or Enoxaprin [Enoxaprin is a Low molecular weight Heparin]

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14
Q

Thrombin / Xa inhibitor: Therapeutic Use

A

treats anyone with a blood clot or at risk for a blood clot.

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15
Q

Thrombin / Xa inhibitor: EPA

A

Inhibits factor Xa and thrombin, blocking the clotting process.

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16
Q

Thrombin / Xa inhibitor: Interventions

A

IV heparin is a high-alert medication.
Watch for bleeding
Moniter platelt count
Soft toothbrush and Electric Razor

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17
Q

Thrombin / XA inhibitor: Contraindications, Antidote, and Interactions

A

Contraindications: Thrombocytopenia and Anyone at risk for uncontrolled bleeding
Antidote: Protamine Sulfate
Interactions: NSAIDS

18
Q

Vitamin K Antagonists: Prototype and Antidote

A

warfarin [Coumadin]
Antidote: Vitamin K

19
Q

Vitamin K Antagonists: Therapeutic Use

A

Long-term management of venous thromboembolic disorders including

DVT
PE
Atrial Fibrillation
Mechanical Heart valves

20
Q

Vitamin K Antagonists: EPA

A

Acts on the liver to prevent the synthesis of Vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Takes 3-5 days to work if taken PO

21
Q

Vitamin K Antagonists: Contraindications and Interactions

A

Teratogenic
Caution for patients at risk for bleeding

Many medications interact with warfarin

22
Q

Direct Thrombin Inhibitors: Medication Names and Routes:

A

PO: dabigatran [Pradaxa]

IV: argatroban / bivalrudin

NO ANTIDOTE

23
Q

Direct Factor Xa Inhibitors

A

PO: rivaroxaban (Xarelto)

Antidote: Andexxa

24
Q

Antiplatelets [Salicylates]: Prototype

A

Aspirin [ASA]

25
Q

Antiplatelets [Salicylates]: Therapeutic Use

A

MI, CVA, TIA, Coronary Stents

26
Q

Antiplatelets [Salicylates]: EPA

A

Inhibits platelt aggregation via inhibition of cyclooxygenase

27
Q

Antiplatelets [Salicylates]: ADRs and Toxicity

A

Gastric Upset, Renal Damage, and risk For bleeding

Toxicity: Tinnitus, HA, Dizziness, and Salicylism

28
Q

Antiplatelets [Salicylates]: Contraindications

A

DO NOT GIVE TO CHILDREN LESS THAN 18 yrs.
It will cause Reyes disease which is denoted by vomiting, confusion, loss of consciousness, and seizures.
Caution with peptic ulcer and prescribed anticoagulants

29
Q

Antiplatelets [Salicylates]: Interactions

A

Ibuprofen decreases anti platelet effect.
ACE AND ARBS increase risk of renal damage

30
Q

Adenosine Diphosphate Receptor (ADP) Inhibitor: Prototype

A

clopidogrel [Plavix]

31
Q

Adenosine Diphosphate Receptor (ADP) Inhibitor: Therapeutic Use

A

Literally the same as Aspirin.
MI, CVA, TIA, Coronary stents

32
Q

Adenosine Diphosphate Receptor (ADP) Inhibitor: EPA

A

Inhibits platelet aggregation by blocking ADP receptors on platelets

33
Q

Adenosine Diphosphate Receptor (ADP) Inhibitor: ADRs

A

Same as ASA but less
TTP [thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura] is rare but BAD.

34
Q

Adenosine Diphosphate Receptor (ADP) Inhibitor: Contraindications

A

Caution with peptic ulcers and other bleeding disorders. Caution with other anticoagulants.

Interacts with herbal products and PPI’s

35
Q

Thrombolytics: Prototypes

A

alteplase

36
Q

Thrombolytics: Therapeutic Use

A

Dissolves the clot

37
Q

Thrombolytics: EPA

A

Converts plasminogen into plasmin which breaks down fibrin in the clot. Plasmin will prevent new clots from forming

38
Q

Thrombolytics: ADRS

A

EXTREME BLEEDING

39
Q

Thrombolytics: Contraindications

A

Very long checklist
head trauma
HTN
Any active bleeding
Known aneurysm.
For MI give IV heparin

40
Q

Thrombolytics: Interventions

A

Give aminocaproic acid as a reversal agent
Limit punctures

Pharmacology Medication Exam 2 (11 decks)

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