Hematologic Medications

Question 1

Iron Supplements: Prototype:

Answer 1

Ferrous Sulfate [Feosol] [PO]
Iron Dextron [IV / IM]

Question 2

Iron Supplements: ADR:

Answer 2

GI disturbances

Question 3

Iron Supplements: Contraindications

Answer 3

Antacids will reduce absorption
Taking it across the day will increase the potency of RBC production

Question 4

Iron Supplements: Toxicity

Answer 4

Deferoxamine is used to reverse Iron toxicity.

Question 5

B12 Supplements: Prototype

Answer 5

Cyanocolabalamin [B. 12]

Question 6

B12 Supplements: ADRs

Answer 6

Hypokalemia

Question 7

Erythropoietic Growth Factor: Prototype

Answer 7

epoetin alfa [Epogen]

Question 8

Erythropoietic Growth Factor: EPA

Answer 8

Mimics erythropoietin in the bone marrow

Question 9

Erythropoietic Growth Factor: Therapeutic Use

Answer 9

chronic renal failure, pre-op anemia, chemotherapy, HIV treatment Zidovudine.

Question 10

Erythropoietic Growth Factor: ADR

Answer 10

HTN, cardiac event risk, progression of certain malignancies.

Question 11

Erythropoietic Growth Factor: Contraindications

Answer 11

Uncontrolled HTN
Caution in clients with cancer
Dialytic patients

Question 12

Erythropoietic Growth Factor: Interventions

Answer 12

Moniter Hg levels
Lowest dose possible
Report signs of MI / CVA

Question 13

Thrombin / Xa inhibitor: Prototype

Answer 13

Heparin or Enoxaprin [Enoxaprin is a Low molecular weight Heparin]

Question 14

Thrombin / Xa inhibitor: Therapeutic Use

Answer 14

treats anyone with a blood clot or at risk for a blood clot.

Question 15

Thrombin / Xa inhibitor: EPA

Answer 15

Inhibits factor Xa and thrombin, blocking the clotting process.

Question 16

Thrombin / Xa inhibitor: Interventions

Answer 16

IV heparin is a high-alert medication.
Watch for bleeding
Moniter platelt count
Soft toothbrush and Electric Razor

Question 17

Thrombin / XA inhibitor: Contraindications, Antidote, and Interactions

Answer 17

Contraindications: Thrombocytopenia and Anyone at risk for uncontrolled bleeding
Antidote: Protamine Sulfate
Interactions: NSAIDS

Question 18

Vitamin K Antagonists: Prototype and Antidote

Answer 18

warfarin [Coumadin]
Antidote: Vitamin K

Question 19

Vitamin K Antagonists: Therapeutic Use

Answer 19

Long-term management of venous thromboembolic disorders including

DVT
PE
Atrial Fibrillation
Mechanical Heart valves

Question 20

Vitamin K Antagonists: EPA

Answer 20

Acts on the liver to prevent the synthesis of Vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Takes 3-5 days to work if taken PO

Question 21

Vitamin K Antagonists: Contraindications and Interactions

Answer 21

Teratogenic
Caution for patients at risk for bleeding

Many medications interact with warfarin

Question 22

Direct Thrombin Inhibitors: Medication Names and Routes:

Answer 22

PO: dabigatran [Pradaxa]

IV: argatroban / bivalrudin

NO ANTIDOTE

Question 23

Direct Factor Xa Inhibitors

Answer 23

PO: rivaroxaban (Xarelto)

Antidote: Andexxa

Question 24

Antiplatelets [Salicylates]: Prototype

Answer 24

Aspirin [ASA]

Question 25

Antiplatelets [Salicylates]: Therapeutic Use

Answer 25

MI, CVA, TIA, Coronary Stents

Question 26

Antiplatelets [Salicylates]: EPA

Answer 26

Inhibits platelt aggregation via inhibition of cyclooxygenase

Question 27

Antiplatelets [Salicylates]: ADRs and Toxicity

Answer 27

Gastric Upset, Renal Damage, and risk For bleeding Toxicity: Tinnitus, HA, Dizziness, and Salicylism

Question 28

Antiplatelets [Salicylates]: Contraindications

Answer 28

DO NOT GIVE TO CHILDREN LESS THAN 18 yrs. It will cause Reyes disease which is denoted by vomiting, confusion, loss of consciousness, and seizures. Caution with peptic ulcer and prescribed anticoagulants

Question 29

Antiplatelets [Salicylates]: Interactions

Answer 29

Ibuprofen decreases anti platelet effect. ACE AND ARBS increase risk of renal damage

Question 30

Adenosine Diphosphate Receptor (ADP) Inhibitor: Prototype

Answer 30

clopidogrel [Plavix]

Question 31

Adenosine Diphosphate Receptor (ADP) Inhibitor: Therapeutic Use

Answer 31

Literally the same as Aspirin. MI, CVA, TIA, Coronary stents

Question 32

Adenosine Diphosphate Receptor (ADP) Inhibitor: EPA

Answer 32

Inhibits platelet aggregation by blocking ADP receptors on platelets

Question 33

Adenosine Diphosphate Receptor (ADP) Inhibitor: ADRs

Answer 33

Same as ASA but less TTP [thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura] is rare but BAD.

Question 34

Adenosine Diphosphate Receptor (ADP) Inhibitor: Contraindications

Answer 34

Caution with peptic ulcers and other bleeding disorders. Caution with other anticoagulants. Interacts with herbal products and PPI's

Question 35

Thrombolytics: Prototypes

Answer 35

alteplase

Question 36

Thrombolytics: Therapeutic Use

Answer 36

Dissolves the clot

Question 37

Thrombolytics: EPA

Answer 37

Converts plasminogen into plasmin which breaks down fibrin in the clot. Plasmin will prevent new clots from forming

Question 38

Thrombolytics: ADRS

Answer 38

EXTREME BLEEDING

Question 39

Thrombolytics: Contraindications

Answer 39

Very long checklist head trauma HTN Any active bleeding Known aneurysm. For MI give IV heparin

Question 40

Thrombolytics: Interventions

Answer 40

Give aminocaproic acid as a reversal agent Limit punctures