Coronary Artery and Cardiac Dysrhythmia Medication

Question 1

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors: Prototype

Answer 1

atorvastatin [Lipitor]

Other:
simvastatin [Zocor]
lovastatin [Mevacor]
rosuvastatin [Crestor[

If it ends in statin its an HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors:

Question 2

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors: EPA

Answer 2

Increase HDL and lowers LDL and total cholesterol by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase. Which is an enzyme that synthesizes cholesterol in the liver

Question 3

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors: Therapeutic Use

Answer 3

Used to treat high cholesterol and prevent vascular disease

Question 4

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors: ADR

Answer 4

Myopathy and hepatotoxicity

Question 5

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors: Contraindications

Answer 5

Teratogenic
Liver disease
ETOH use
Grapefruit
Warfarin + Statin increases the risk of bleeding.

Question 6

Fibrates: Prototype

Answer 6

gemfibrozil [Lopid]
Other
fenofibrate [Tricor]

Question 7

Fibrates: EPA

Answer 7

increases oxidation of fatty acids in the liver and tissues these decreasing production of triglycerides

Question 8

Fibrates: Therpeutic Use

Answer 8

Most effective for reducing serum triglycerides, increasing HDLs too

Question 9

Fibrates: ADR

Answer 9

GI effects, hepatotoxicity, gallstones, and myopathy

Question 10

Fibrates: Contraindications

Answer 10

Avoid in someone with gallbladder disease
Liver disease
Severe renal impairment
Warfarin increases the risk of bleeding
The risk of myopathy increases with statin use.

Question 11

Class IB Sodium Channel Blockers: Prototype

Answer 11

lidocaine

Question 12

Class IB Sodium Channel Blockers: EPA

Answer 12

Blocks Na+ channels thereby shortening the repolarization phase of the cardiac cycle. Causes decreased rate of contractions

Question 13

Class IB Sodium Channel Blockers: Therapeutic Use

Answer 13

Treats serious VENTRICULAR DYSRYTHMIAS associated with MI, cardiac cath, and surgery

Question 14

Class IB Sodium Channel Blockers: ADR

Answer 14

Hypotension, Bradycardia, other dysrhythmias, and anxiety

Question 15

Class IB Sodium Channel Blockers: Contraindications

Answer 15

Untreated bradycardia or heart block
Pregnancy and Lactation

Question 16

Class IC Sodium Channel Blockers: Prototype

Answer 16

flecainide [Tambocor]

Question 17

Class IC Sodium Channel Blockers: EPA

Answer 17

Blocks Na+ channels to slow conduction velocity and the refractory period

Question 18

Class IC Sodium Channel Blockers: Therapeutic Use

Answer 18

Treat atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation

Question 19

Class IC Sodium Channel Blockers: ADR’s

Answer 19

Worsening of heart failure, potential or other dysrhythmias, and widens QRS complex

BLACK BOX: Can cause fatal arrhythmias and death in patients with recent MI

Question 20

Class IC Sodium Channel Blockers: Contraindications

Answer 20

Heart block and Heart failure

Question 21

Class III Potassium Channel Blockers: Prototype

Answer 21

amiodarone [has one of the longest half-lives of any drug at 30 days]

dofetilide [Tikosyn] is another drug that is used to treat a-fib though patients need to be on watch since it can cause torsades de pointe which is a type of vtach.

Question 22

Class III Potassium Channel Blockers: EPA

Answer 22

Blocks K+ channels in turn slowing the repolarization and prolonging the refractory period of the heart cycle

Question 23

Class III Potassium Channel Blockers: Therapeutic Use

Answer 23

Treats various life-threatening ventricular and/or atrial tachydysrhythmias

Question 24

Class III Potassium Channel Blockers: ADR

Answer 24

Fatal dysrthmias and Hypotension

BLACK BOX: Long term use can cause fatal pulmonary toxicity

Question 25

Class III Potassium Channel Blockers: Contraindications

Answer 25

Heart block, Heart failure, Teratogenic, DO NOT TAKE WITH GRAPEFRUIT and increases effects of beta-blocker/oral anticoagulants/digoxin/phenytoin

Question 26

Adenosine

Answer 26

Treats SVT Acts like a calcium channel blocker VERY SHORT HALF LIFE SO MUST BE GIVEN FAST through IV

Question 27

Magnesium

Answer 27

Treats torsades de point Give IV in acute setting and PO in outpatient

Question 28

Nitrates: Prototype

Answer 28

Nitroglycerin

Question 29

Nitrates: EPA

Answer 29

Converts into nitric oxide which is a potent vasodilator. relieves angina pain by venous dilation arteriole dilation, and CA dilation

Question 30

Nitrates: Therapeutic Use

Answer 30

Management / Treatment of acute chest pain

Question 31

Nitrates: ADRs

Answer 31

Headache, Hypotension, Dizziness, Bradycardia, Syncope

Question 32

Nitrates: Contraindications

Answer 32

Severe anemia, Hypotension, Hypovolemia, AVOID SILDENAFIL { VIAGRA} use caution in renal impairment

Question 33

Class IV Calcium Channel Blockers: Prototype

Answer 33

diltiazem [Cardizem] verapamil [Calan]

Question 34

Class IV Calcium Channel Blockers: EPA

Answer 34

Blocks Ca2+ channels causing a sloer conduction through SA and AV nodes

Question 35

Class IV Calcium Channel Blockers: Therapeutic Use

Answer 35

Used to treat atrial tachycarida

Question 36

Class IV Calcium Channel Blockers: ADR

Answer 36

Dizziness, Bradycardia, and Heart block

Question 37

Class IV Calcium Channel Blockers: Contraindications

Answer 37

Heart block and Heart failure.