Respiratory system

Question 1

Main purpose of the respiratory system

Answer 1

Supply itself with oxygen

Remove waste products

Question 2

4 main functions of the respiratory system

Answer 2

To Extract oxygen from atmosphere

To excrete water vapour and carbon dioxide

To maintain the normal acid base balance of the blood

To ventilate the lungs

Question 3

Inspired Air The components are

Answer 3

Oxygen=20% Nitrogen=79% Inert gases=1% Carbon dioxide=0.04% Water vapour = variable

Question 4

Expired Air The components are of expired air

Answer 4

Oxygen 16% Nitrogen 79% Inert gases 1% Carbon dioxide 4% Water vapour to saturation

Question 5

Function of the nose 5

Answer 5

To warm the air

To filter the air

To moisten the air

To assist in resonating sound

Organ of the sense of smell

Question 6

Function of the larynx

Answer 6

To provide a passageway for air from the pharynx to the trachea

To continue to moisten,

To warm

To filter the air

To produce sounds

To protect the airway during the act of swallowing food

Question 7

Structure of the pharynx

Answer 7

Pharynx is funnel shaped tube 13cm long composed of skeletal muscle

Can be divided into three sections

Naso-pharynx

Oro-Pharynx

Laryngo-Pharynx

Question 8

Function of the Pharynx

Answer 8

Respiratory function

Digestive function

Assist with the sense of taste

Tonsils assist in the fight against infection

Question 9

what is this

Answer 9

Pharynx

Question 10

Pic lungs label

Answer 10

right lung (superior lobe ) 21
right lung inferior lobe 23
right lung (middle lobe ) 22
right primary bronchus 9
left lung ( superior lobe/apex) 5
diaphragm 16
mediastinal surface 18
visceral pleura 14
secondary bronchus 8
tertiary bronchus 10
trachea 4
left primary bronchus 7
left lung (inferior lobe)
diaphragmatic surface 20
cardiac notch 19
pleural cavity 13

bronchiole 6

cricoid cartilage 3
thyroid cartilage 2
epiglottis 1
mediastinum 11/17
parietal pleura 12

Question 11

Structure of the trachea

Answer 11

16-20 c-shaped incomplete rings of cartilage Approximately 12cm long

Question 12

Functions of the trachea

Answer 12

Maintain airway normal and forced respiration

Allowed distension of oesophagus during the act of swallowing

To remove dust by the secretions of the goblet Reflex centre for coughing at the bifurcation of the trachea carina

Question 13

Bronchi what are they

Answer 13

The two bronchi are formed the trachea divides at the carina

Question 14

The right bronchus is

Answer 14

The right bronchus is wider and shorter than the left after entering the right lung it divides into three branches on to each lobe

Question 15

The left bronchus is

Answer 15

The left bronchus is longer and narrower than the right 5cm after it enters the lung divides into two branches one to each lobe

Question 16

Smaller air passages 4

Answer 16

Terminal bronchioles

Respiratory bronchioles

Alveolar

Alveoli

Question 17

Structure of the lungs

Answer 17

Right side three lobes

Left side two lobes

Question 18

The pleura is

Answer 18

The pleura is a serous membrane that surrounds each lung Has two layers

Question 19

Chemical control of respiration Normal drive is driven

Answer 19

In normal healthy people the basic drive to breathe is high levels of C02

Basic rhythm of respiration is controlled by parts of the CNS

Question 20

Hypoxic Drive

Answer 20

Patients with copd the C02 chemoreceptors become worn out, The stimulus for this type of patient becomes low concentrations of O2 and is termed the hypoxic drive

Question 21

Mechanism of external respiration

Answer 21

Inspiratory phase 2sec active stage

Expiratory phase 3 Sec passive stage

Respiratory pause phase 0.25

Question 22

Factors that can decrease breathing rates

Answer 22

Head injury

Cva

Drugs heroin opiates methadone barbiturates

Question 23

what is this

Answer 23

pharynx

Question 24

what is this

Answer 24

trachea

Question 25

what is this

Answer 25

larynx

Question 26

Answer 26