Respiratory System

Question 1

the signal to breath originates from the _______ in the brain

Answer 1

medulla oblangata

Question 2

the signal to breath travels from the brain to the diaphragm via the _________ nerve.

Answer 2

phrenic nerve

Question 3

when air enters the nasal cavity, ______ filter air by trapping particles and ________ warm and moisten air

Answer 3

fine hairs

mucous membranes

Question 4

path of air through the system

Answer 4

1. Pharynx
2. Larynx
3. Trachea
4. Bronchus
5. Bronchiole
6. Alveolus
7. Capillary

Question 5

multi-subunit protein found within red blood cells

transports oxygen throughout the body

Answer 5

hemoglobin

Question 6

most CO2 is transported in the form of a ____________ ion.

Answer 6

bicarbonate ion

Question 7

an increased breathing rate is a sign of ________ blood O2, ________ blood CO2, and ________ [H+] concentration

Answer 7

decreased blood O2
increased blood CO2
increased [H+] (*pH is inversely proportional)

Question 8

three factors that affect breathing rate

Answer 8

blood O2 (inversely proportional)
blood CO2 (directly proportional)
[H+] (directly proportional)

Question 9

Contraction of the diaphragm muscle causes the thoracic cavity to _________.

Answer 9

expand (i.e. Inhalation)

Question 10

site of gas exchange in the lungs

occurs across thin walls

Answer 10

alveoli

Question 11

deoxygenated blood enters the __________ that surround the alveoli

Answer 11

pulmonary capillaries

Question 12

O2 from the inhaled air diffuses down its gradient into the _____ where it binds with hemoglobin and returns to the heart

Answer 12

capillaries

Question 13

CO2 from the tissues diffuses from the capillaries to the ________ and is exhaled

Answer 13

alveoli

Question 14

_______ has a higher affinity ofr oxygen than adult hemoglobin

Answer 14

fetal hemoglobin

Question 15

Gas and nutrient exchange in the fetus occurs across the ______

Answer 15

placenta