Circulatory System Flashcards
cells produced in bone marrow
blood cells
liquid part of blood
aqueous mix of nutrients, wastes, hormones, blood proteins, gases, and salts
plasma
blood cells that transport O2
red blood cells / erythrocytes
blood cells that function in immunity
white blood cells / lympohcytes
blood cells that function in clotting
release thromboplastin, which (along w/ cofactors Ca and Vit. K) converts inactive prothrombin to active thrombin
thrombin converts fibrinogen into fibrin, which surround blood cells to form the clot
platelets
fluid in lymphatic system which is derived from tissue fluid
lymph
carry blood away from the heart
blood is usually oxygenated (except for in pulmonary _____)
blood is under high pressure
Aorta is the largest in the body
artery
artery that carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart to the lungs
only artery to carry deoxygenated blood
pulmonary artery
decreasing in size: arteries
Aorta —> Artery —–> Arteriole
carry blood to the heart
blood is usually deoxygenated (except for the pulmonary ___)
blood is at low pressure
vena cava is the largest in the body
vein
vein that comes from the lungs into the heart carrying oxygenated blood
pulmonary vein
decreasing in size: veins
Vena Cava —> Vein —–> Venule
smallest blood vessels
site of gas exchange
connect arteries to veins
allow materials to diffuse in and out
capillaries
circulatory pathway:
Superior and Inferior Vena Cavae»_space; Right Atrium»_space; Right Ventricle»_space; Pulmonary Artery»_space; Lungs»_space; Pulmonary Vein»_space; Left Atrium»_space; Left Ventricle»_space; Aorta»_space; Body
node found in the right atrium
pacemaker of the heart
stimulates the cardiac muscle to contract in a rhythmic manner
S-A node (Sinoatrial)
(Clotting) at the site of a wound, platelets release ________, which initiates a rxn cascade in the blood.
thromboplastin
(Clotting); ______, ______, and ________ convert prothrombin to thrombin.
Thromboplastin, Ca^2+, and Vitamin K
(Clotting); Thrombin converts ______ into fibrin
fibrinogen
(Clotting); ________ forms an insoluble protein network that traps red blood cells.
Fibrin
3 portal systems in the body
blood flows through an extra capillary bed before returning to the heart
liver (hepatic)
kidney
brain (hypophyseal)
connects right and left atria in fetal circulation
foramen ovale
connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta in fetal circulation
shunts blood away from the lungs (along w/ foramen ovale)
ductus arteriosus
connects umbilical vein to inferior vena cava in fetal circulation
connecting umbilical circulation to central circulation
ductus venosus
part of red blood cells
composed of 4 subunits
carry O2 and CO2
iron control binding and releasing
hemoglobin
factors that lead to shift to the Right in oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve
Increased temperature
Decreased pH
Increased P(CO2)
O2 released to tissues enhanced when H+ __________ binds to Hb
allosterically binds
Increase P(CO2) leads to _____ [H+] in blood
increased (directly proportional)
______ are located on the surface of erythrocytes (RBCs) and determine blood type in a codominant mechanism
antigens
Blood cells w/ Rh factor are _______ and produce no antibody
Rh+
Blood cells w/ ____ lack antigen and produce an antibody.
Rh-
