Respiratory System

Question 1

Inspiration

Answer 1

External IM and diaphragm contract enlarging throaic cavity lifting rbs up and out
Lengthens thoracic cavity
Parietal pleura adheres to diaphragm and inside of ribacge so is pulled up
Pressure falls and lung draw air in to equalise pressure

Question 2

Mechanism of respiration

Answer 2

Movement if rubcage and flattening if diapraphgm
Increase of lung volume and decrease pressure
Air pushed in and lungs expand
When diaphragm relaxes chest usc;e relax and cause ribcade to begin to compress the lungs to decrease as you breathe

Question 3

Expiration

Answer 3

Relaxation of muscles so diaphragm down and in
Increased pressure s expel air

Question 4

Gas exchange

Answer 4

S level of o2 in alveoli is high, level of o2 in blood is low
CO2 level in blood is high
O2 in blood is low
Blood entering lung by pulmonary artery has low po2 and high pco2
Blood in pulmonary vein enters left atrium left ventricle becomes arterial blood.

Question 5

Role of surfactant

Answer 5

Produced by type 2 pneumocystis in lung
Reduces friction and decreases surface tension with alveoli and makes it easier for them to contract and expand

Question 6

Inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 6

Extra volume if air over and above normal tidal volume that can be inhaled into lug during maximum inspiration

Question 7

Inpiratory capacity

Answer 7

Amount of air that can be inspired with maximum effort in tidal volume

Question 8

Expiratory reserve volume

Answer 8

Additional volume of air that can be expelled over and above normal tidal volume during max expiration

Question 9

Peak expiratory flow

Answer 9

Records maximum speed of air flow durning forced expiration