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Anatomy And Physiology > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Artery

A

Away from heart
Oxygenated blood
High pressure as Lumen narrow

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2
Q

Veins

A

To the heart
Deoxygenated
Low pressure as lumen wider

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3
Q

Capillaries

A

On cell thick as short diffusion pathway
Exchange substances between blood and body cells

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4
Q

Pdefine pulse

A

Numbe f heartbeats in a minute

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5
Q

Places for pulse

A

Carotid - neck
Brachial - arm
Radial - wrist
Femoral - groin
Temporal - head

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6
Q

Heart wall

A

Pericardium
Myocardium
Endocardium

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7
Q

Pericardium

A

Fibrous - prevents over distension of heart
Serous

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8
Q

Myocardium

A

Striated involuntary control
Has mitochondria atp energy
Cardiac muscle

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9
Q

Endocardium

A

Very moth to minimise friction when blood flows over it

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10
Q

Cardiac cycle

Atrial systole

A

Right atrium fills with blood
Contracts
Increase pressure

Av valve opens

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11
Q

Ventricular systole

A

Atrium relax
Blood flows i ventricle
Ventricle contract
Av valve close and semi lunar valve open

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12
Q

Diastole

A

Valves close
Ventricle relax
Atrium fills with blood

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13
Q

Electrical system

A

Sinatrial nod intakes action potential that cause contraction
Spreads through atria then enters av node
Then down Nile of his
Up purkunje fibres

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14
Q

Cardiac output

A

Vol of blood pumped out of the ventricle on each contraction x no of beats per minute

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15
Q

Tachycardia

A

High heart rate

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16
Q

Bradycardia

A

Low heart rate

17
Q

Peripheral resistance

A

Arteries can change diameter
Contraction of smooth muscle cells in walls of arterioles cause them to constrict
Increase in resistance on atrial side higher

18
Q

Control of blood pressure

A

Baroreeotrs detect drop in blood pressure through decrease stretch in arterioles
Reduc signals to cardiovascular control centre in brain
Increased flight or fight response increase heart rate
Decrease PNS inhibit ability to increase heart rate

19
Q

Role of raas in controlling blood pressure

A

Activated we there id a drop in blood pressure to increase water and electrolyte re absorption in the kidney
Compensates for the drop in the blood volume so increases the blood pressure

20
Q

ANP in controlling blood pressure

A

Enhances salt and water excretion
Encourages vasodilation
At high pressure cardiac muscle release ANP

21
Q

Hypotension

A

Low bloood pressure

22
Q

Hypertension

A

High blood pressure

23
Q

Where are baroreceptors

A

Near carotid sinuses

Anatomy And Physiology (21 decks)

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