Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nursing 101 & 102 > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Nursing Mental Health flashcards Nursing Management of Care flashcards NCLEX-PN® flashcards Physics 101 flashcards NCLEX-RN® flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Nursing Fundamentals flashcards Nursing Pediatrics flashcards Nursing Safety & Infection flashcards
0
Q

The upper respiratory is lined with what?

A

Cilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What are the 3 major roles of the respiratory system?

A

Provides oxygen for tissue perfusion
Influences acid-base balance
Excretory organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Inhaled air is?

A

Moistened, warmed, and cleansed by the tissue lining the nasal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Connects upper and lower airways responsible for taste, smell, chewing, and swallowing food.

A

Larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Increased mucus defeats cilia function and mucus is thickened

A

Ciliary function hindrance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Not being able to smell or frequent colds

A

Anosmia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Stimulating the gag reflex with a tongue blade or positive cough or gagging with a positive response means what?

A

Indicates the airway is protected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

From normally midline septum, protrudes more to one side of the nasal passage

A

Deviated septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a nose bleed?

A

Epistaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Deviated reconstructed and aligned with minimal cartilage and bone removal

A

Septoplasty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Removal of the deviated section of cartilage and bone

A

Submucosal resection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where do children’s nose bleeds most occur? Posterior or anterior

A

Anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where do most older adults nose bleeds normally occur? Posterior or anterior.

A

Posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the number one cause of nose bleeds?

A

Trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Acute coryza or common cold - virus is the most common symptom of the respiratory disease.

A

Acute Viral Rhinitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the most common symptom of a respiratory disease?

A

Cough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the pathophysiology of the common cold?

A

It is inflammation of the nasal mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the means of spreading of the common cold?

A

Droplet
Hand to mouth, nose, or eyes
Indoors, chilling, fatigue, stress, and compromised immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What antibiotics are given for a virus?

A

None a virus is never treated with antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a reaction of the nasal mucosa to allergen?

A

Allergic Rhinitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is an acute contagious viral infection?

A

Influenza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Occurs in 2 main strands (A & B), and requires 2-3 weeks of recovery.

A

The Flu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How is the flu spread?

A

Direct or indirect droplets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the number one prevention for not spreading germs?

A

Hand washing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is a serious secondary complication of the flu?

A

Bacteria pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Who is contraindicated for the flu shot?

A

Patients who have allergies to chicken eggs and previous hx of Gillian barre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the antivirals used to alleviated symptoms of the flu?

A

Rimantadine (flumadine)
Amantadine (symmetrel)
Zanamivir (relenza)
Oseltamivir (tamiflu)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Antivirals need to be given when?

A

Within 2 days of symptom onset

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is an infection of the mucous membranes of one of the para nasal sinuses?

A

Sinusitis or sinus infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is an infection in more than one sinus called?

A

Pan sinusitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What sinus is mainly affected?

A

Maxillary Sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What sinus can cause brain and eat infections?

A

Frontal sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is the stimulating reflex of respiratory disease?

A

Bronchospasms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What medication is good for dry hacking coughs?

A

Antitussives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What medication is good for suppressing the cough reflex, has a direct depressant effect on the cough center of the medulla, and symptom relief of a non productive cough?

A

Narcotics such as codeine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

These medications facilitate removal of secretions of bronchopulmonary mucous membranes.

A

Expectorants (mucinex, robitussin, organidin, and Terpin Hydrate)

36
Q

What decreases phlegm adhesiveness and thickness?

A

Terpin Hydrate

37
Q

What medication relieves nasal congestion and cold symptoms, with direct vasoconstrictive action on arterioles in the nasal mucosa?

A

Nasal decongestants (dristan and neosynephrine)

38
Q

What medication binds with receptors on target cells, compete with allergy-produced histamines?

A

Antihistamines (tavist, Benadryl, dimetane, Chlor-trimeton)

39
Q

What are second generation agents for antihistamines?

A

Allegra, Claritin, and Zyrtec

40
Q

What do second generation agents NOT have?

A

Sedation effect

41
Q

What are benign mucous membrane masses? They appear blue and glossy in the nares.

A

Polyps

42
Q

What is an endoscopy exam for nasal polyps?

A

Polypectomy

43
Q

How do we manage nasal polyps?

A

They are removed.

44
Q

What is an inflammation of the pharyngeal walls including tonsils, palate, and uvula?

A

Acute Pharyngitis

45
Q

What is the main invader of the of acute pharyngitis?

A

Viral and fungal infections.

46
Q

What are the symptoms of acute pharyngitis?

A

Scratchy throat to severe pain, red edematous may have patchy yellow exudates

47
Q

How do we diagnosis acute pharyngitis?

A

Culture or rapid strep antigen test

48
Q

What is a partial or complete upper airway obstruction?

A

Sleep apnea

49
Q

Absence of respirations

A

Apnea

50
Q

Increased CO2

A

Hypercapnia

51
Q

Decreased O2

A

Hypoxemia

52
Q

How often to patients have apnea and arousal cycles?

A

200-400 times in a 6-8 hour sleep

53
Q

What are signs and symptoms of apnea?

A

Loud snoring, gasping, and jerking movements.

54
Q

What is a sleep study called?

A

Polysomnography

55
Q

What is a UPPP or UP3?

A

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

56
Q

What is a GAHM?

A

Genoglossal advancement hyoid myotomy

57
Q

What is a laser assisted UP3 called?

A

LAUP

58
Q

Lower portion of the pharynx and above larynx

A

Laryngopharynx

59
Q

The critical dividing point where solid foods and liquids separate from air. Passage divides larynx and esophagus.

A

Laryngopharynx

60
Q

What are the 3 cartilages of the larynx called?

A 
Thyroid cartilage (Adam's apple)
Cricoids cartilage (vocal cords)
Epiglottis (prevents food from entering the lungs)
61
Q

What does the epiglottis do?

A

Closes over the glottis during swallowing

62
Q

The most dangerous problem of the larynx is what?

A

Obstruction

63
Q

What is inflammation of the mucous membranes in the lining of the larynx called?

A

Laryngitis

64
Q

What is the most common symptom of laryngitis?

A

Hoarseness

65
Q

What is a partial removal of one vocal cord?

A

Cordectomy

66
Q

Removal of vocals or parts and requires a temporary trach.

A

Hemilaryngectomy

67
Q

Removal of structures above cords (false vocals cords & epiglottis)

A

Supraglotticlaryngectomy

68
Q

Surgery where normal speech is no longer possible: removal of epiglottis, thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, 1-4 tracheal rings, resection of the hyoid bone, and hypopharynx muscles reconstructed.

A

Total Laryngectomy

69
Q

Dissection of muscles, veins, and nerves and may accompany a total Laryngectomy to decrease lymphatic spread.

A

Radical neck dissection

70
Q

What is the voice prothesis post Laryngectomy called?

A

Blom-Singer

71
Q

Windpipe that extends from larynx to carina. Flexible muscular 12 cm long, c-shaped cartilaginous rings lined with epithelium containing goblet mucus secreting cells and cilia. It divides r and l mainstem bronchus.

A

Trachea

72
Q

The slit where main stem bronchi, pulmonary vessels and nerve enters the lungs.

A

Hilus

73
Q

Cone-shaped, suspended in r and l plural cavities.

A

Lungs

74
Q

Why is aspiration more common in the Right Lung?

A

The right lung is shorter and broader.

75
Q

The right lung has how many lobes?

A

3

76
Q

How many lobes does the left lung have?

A

2

77
Q

This divides several times to form lobar, segmental, sub-segmental bronchi.

A

Main-stem bronchi

78
Q

Most distant where no O2 and CO2 is exchanged. It is the last conducting airways. Anatomical dead space. VD 150ml

A

Terminal Bronchioles

79
Q

What is normal Tidal Volume?

A

500ml

80
Q

The first area of exchange and contain alveoli. It is surrounded by smooth muscles that constrict and dilate in response to various stimuli.

A

Respiratory Bronchioles

81
Q

What is called a decrease in diameter of airways?

A

Bronchoconstriction

82
Q

What is called an increase in diameter of airways?

A

Bronchodilation

83
Q

Continuous respiratory bronchioles, alveolus, aveolar sacs, capillary bed, and chief respiratory unit for gas exchange.

A

Acinus

84
Q

What are the small sacs that form the functional unit in the lungs?

A

Alveoli

85
Q

This allows air movement from the alveolus to alveolus.

A

Pores of Kohn

86
Q

There are 300 million alveoli that have a total volume of what?

A

2500ml

87
Q

Each alveoli are big?

A

1/5000 of an inch

88
Q

The alveolar surface secretes what?

A

Surfactant

Nursing 101 & 102 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions