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Anatomy and Physiology > Respiratory system > Flashcards

Respiratory system Flashcards

1
Q

External Respiration

A

Exchanging air between the body and the outside environment

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2
Q

Internal Respiration

A

Bringing oxygen to the cells and removing carbon dioxide from them

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3
Q

Inhalation

A

inspiration

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4
Q

The nose

A

external nares

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5
Q

nose divided by

A

nasal septum

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6
Q

where are cilia

A

in nose

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7
Q

cilia

A

responsible for filtering out foreign bodies

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8
Q

modern term for pharynx

A

throat

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9
Q

three section of pharynx

A

nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx

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10
Q

epiglottis

A

movable flap of cartilage that covers the opening to the larynx

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11
Q

larynx

A

voice box,

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12
Q

what saves people from choking

A

abdominal thrust

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13
Q

larynx

A

passageway to the trachea and the area where sounds are produced

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14
Q

high pitch

A

short and thin

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15
Q

low pitch

A

thick and long

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16
Q

glottis

A

part of the larynx consisting of the vocal cords

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17
Q

false vocal chords

A

close airway during swallowing

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18
Q

true vocal chords

A

produce sound

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19
Q

trachea

A

Also known as the windpipe, Connects the larynx to the right and left bronchi

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20
Q

point where trachea divides into left and right bronchi

A

mediastinum

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21
Q

what happens during internal respiration

A

bronchi travels to the bronchioles then to the tiny air sacs (alveoli) which connect to lung capillaries. Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged

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22
Q

lungs

A

right and left lung. Rt lung (3 lobes and Lt lung (2 lobes)

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23
Q

2 layers of lungs

A

outer layer is the parietal pleura and the inner layer is the visceral pleura

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24
Q

space between two pleura

A

pleural cavity

25
Q

sections of lungs

A

apex hilum and base

26
Q

apex

A

top section of lung

27
Q

hilum

A

middle section of lung

28
Q

base

A

bottom section of lung

29
Q

muscles for breathing

A

Diaphragm and Intercostal muscles

30
Q

how do muscles assist with breathing

A

major muscles that contract to enlarge the thoracic cavity

31
Q

paranasal sinusus

A

spaces within bones

32
Q

4 sinus cavities

A

maxillary
frontal
ethmoid
sphenoid

33
Q

what do paranasal sinisus assist with

A

reduces the weight of skull and are resonant chambers for voice.

34
Q

resting tidal volume

A

amount of air that enters the lungs during one cycle

35
Q

vital capacity

A

amount of air that can be forced in or out by taking a deep breath.

36
Q

procedures to diagnose respiratory disorders

A

Auscultation, Assessing respiratory
rate, Percussion, Sputum analysis

37
Q

normal respiratory rate

A

15 to 20 respirations per minute.

38
Q

spirometer

A

measures the lungs volume and capacity

39
Q

how to diagnose masses and restricted blood flow

A

Chest x-rays
MRI
Lung scan

40
Q

structures of respiratory systems can be observed by

A

Endoscopy
Bronchoscopy

41
Q

breathing patterns

A

eupnea, bradypnea, tachypnea, hypopnea, hyperpnea, dyspnea, apnea, orthopnea

42
Q

normal breathing

A

eupnea

43
Q

slow breathing

A

bradypnea

44
Q

fast breathing

A

tachypnea

45
Q

shallow breathing

A

hypopnea

46
Q

deep breathing

A

hyperpnea

47
Q

difficulty/ abnormal breathing

A

dyspnea

48
Q

no breathing

A

apnea

49
Q

difficulty breathing lying down, no difficulty sitting up

A

orthopnea

50
Q

COPD

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

51
Q

what is copd

A

chronic obstruction of the bronchial tubes and lungs

52
Q

other disease known as copd

A

Emphysema (alveoli damaged)
Chronic Bronchitis

53
Q

asthma

A

causes narrowing of the bronchi leading to dyspnea, wheezing and coughing. Asthma is not COPD.

54
Q

hemoptysis

A

spitting or coughing of blood.

55
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

exocrine glands that causes secretion of abnormally thick mucus

56
Q

pneumothorax

A

Accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity.

57
Q

hemothorax

A

Blood in the pleural cavity.

58
Q

ventilators

A

breathing substitute

59
Q

nebulizers

A

Deliver medication through the mouth or nose to ease breathing problems

Anatomy and Physiology (16 decks)

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