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Anatomy and Physiology > Circulatory system > Flashcards

Circulatory system Flashcards

1
Q

splenomegaly

A

enlargement of the spleen

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2
Q

what causes splenomegaly

A

excess production of RBC’s

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3
Q

functions of the spleen

A

filters blood, removes old blood celss, recycles iron, and makes antibodies

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4
Q

blood is a type of what tissue

A

connective

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5
Q

what percent of your body weight is your blood

A

7-8

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6
Q

what are the two components of your blood

A

cells and plasma

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7
Q

breakdown percentages of cells

A

1% WBC+ platelets and 45% RBCs

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8
Q

hematocrit

A

percentage of RBC’s in the blood

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9
Q

three types of blood cells

A

erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

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10
Q

erythrocytes

A

RBC

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11
Q

Leukocytes

A

WBC

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12
Q

Thrombocytes

A

platelets

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13
Q

shape of blood with beta thalassemia

A

rectangular shape

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14
Q

shape of blood with sickle cell anemia

A

sickle/ curved

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15
Q

what protien makes blood cells

A

hemoglobin

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16
Q

how many hemoglobins in a cubic millimeter

A

5 million

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17
Q

what cell structuer is missing from blood cells

A

nuclei

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18
Q

low iron symptoms

A

light-headed, easy bruising, headaches

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19
Q

does blood with beta thalassemia have a nucleus

A

yes

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20
Q

do RBC’s have a nucleus

A

no

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21
Q

how is DNA pulled from RBC’s

A

plasma-protiens and amino acids

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22
Q

hematopoiesis

A

fomation of blood cells

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23
Q

where does hematopoiesis occur

A

bone marrow

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24
Q

what hormone causes the production of RBC’s

A

EPO/ erythropoietin

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25
Q

oxyhemoglobin

A

plenty of O2, bright red

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26
Q

deoxyhemoglobin

A

low O2, dark red

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27
Q

blood returs to the heart through

A

veins

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28
Q

blood leaves the heart through

A

arteries

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29
Q

veins and arteries meet at

A

cappillaries

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30
Q

what color blood is drawn from an artery

A

bright red

31
Q

what causes sickle cell

A

recessive gene

32
Q

what are symptoms of sickle cells

A

fatigue, strokes, shortness of breath, pain crisis

33
Q

how does blood maintain homiostasis

A

carries oxygen through body and without is the body couldn’t function

34
Q

ways leukimia disrupts body system

A

weightloss, fever, infections, short breath, weak, pain in joints, bruising

35
Q

two groups of white blood celss

A

granulo and agranulo

36
Q

size of WBC to RBC

A

WBC much larger

37
Q

granulocytes

A

neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

38
Q

agranulocytes

A

monocytes and lymphocytes

39
Q

neutrophils

A
  • 60% WBC
  • present in pus to clean up bacteria
40
Q

eosinophils

A

mainly attack parasites, 2% WBC

41
Q

basophils

A

produce heparin and histamine

42
Q

heparin

A

blood thinner

43
Q

histamine

A

inflammatory reaction, causes swelling and itching

44
Q

monocytes

A

become macrophages or dendritic cells
- consume pathogens then present antigens on surface to signal immune system

45
Q

lymphocytes

A

main defense, t &b cells, produce antibodies, 30%

46
Q

T cells

A

attack

47
Q

B cells

A

remember

48
Q

Mononucleosis other name

A

epstein barr virus

49
Q

difference between HIV and AIDS

A

you can be infected with HIV and not have AIDS, AIDS occurs when HIV is left untreated

50
Q

3 phases of leukemia

A
  1. remission induction 2. consolodation 3. matinance
51
Q

platelets

A

help initiate formation of blood clots, close breaks in damaged blood vessels

52
Q

blood plasma is made of

A

water and proteins

53
Q

blood plasma

A

liquid portion of the blood, 92% water

54
Q

blood plasma function

A

transport nutrients, gasses, vitamins, maintain fluid and electrolyte balance, and pH

55
Q

3 plasma protiens

A
  1. albumins 2. globulins 3. fibrinogen
56
Q

albumins

A

blood pressure

57
Q

globulins

A

transport antibodies

58
Q

globulins

A

transport antibodies

59
Q

fibrinogen

A

blood clotting

60
Q

thrombin

A

enzyme in blood plasma that causes clotting of blood

61
Q

multiple myelome cancer

A

attacks plasma cells

62
Q

hemostasis

A

process of stopping bleeding

63
Q

3 events of hemostasis

A
  1. blood vessel spasm 3. platelet plug formation 3. blood coagulation
64
Q

blood vesse spasm

A

serotonin shrinks vessel

65
Q

platelet plug formation

A

closes the opening

66
Q

blood coagulation

A

fibrin forms over the plug and reinforces (forms a scab)

67
Q

thrombus

A

blood clot (abnormal)

68
Q

embolus

A

when the clot moves to another place

69
Q

pulmonary embolism

A

when clot goes to the lung

70
Q

vitamin K

A

prevents bleeding disorder

71
Q

VKDB

A

vitamin K deficiancy bleeding

72
Q

hemophilia

A

blood does not clot

73
Q

how much blood is taken in donation

A

1 pint

Anatomy and Physiology (16 decks)

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