Circulatory system Flashcards
splenomegaly
enlargement of the spleen
what causes splenomegaly
excess production of RBC’s
functions of the spleen
filters blood, removes old blood celss, recycles iron, and makes antibodies
blood is a type of what tissue
connective
what percent of your body weight is your blood
7-8
what are the two components of your blood
cells and plasma
breakdown percentages of cells
1% WBC+ platelets and 45% RBCs
hematocrit
percentage of RBC’s in the blood
three types of blood cells
erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes
erythrocytes
RBC
Leukocytes
WBC
Thrombocytes
platelets
shape of blood with beta thalassemia
rectangular shape
shape of blood with sickle cell anemia
sickle/ curved
what protien makes blood cells
hemoglobin
how many hemoglobins in a cubic millimeter
5 million
what cell structuer is missing from blood cells
nuclei
low iron symptoms
light-headed, easy bruising, headaches
does blood with beta thalassemia have a nucleus
yes
do RBC’s have a nucleus
no
how is DNA pulled from RBC’s
plasma-protiens and amino acids
hematopoiesis
fomation of blood cells
where does hematopoiesis occur
bone marrow
what hormone causes the production of RBC’s
EPO/ erythropoietin
oxyhemoglobin
plenty of O2, bright red
deoxyhemoglobin
low O2, dark red
blood returs to the heart through
veins
blood leaves the heart through
arteries
veins and arteries meet at
cappillaries
what color blood is drawn from an artery
bright red
what causes sickle cell
recessive gene
what are symptoms of sickle cells
fatigue, strokes, shortness of breath, pain crisis
how does blood maintain homiostasis
carries oxygen through body and without is the body couldn’t function
ways leukimia disrupts body system
weightloss, fever, infections, short breath, weak, pain in joints, bruising
two groups of white blood celss
granulo and agranulo
size of WBC to RBC
WBC much larger
granulocytes
neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils
agranulocytes
monocytes and lymphocytes
neutrophils
- 60% WBC
- present in pus to clean up bacteria
eosinophils
mainly attack parasites, 2% WBC
basophils
produce heparin and histamine
heparin
blood thinner
histamine
inflammatory reaction, causes swelling and itching
monocytes
become macrophages or dendritic cells
- consume pathogens then present antigens on surface to signal immune system
lymphocytes
main defense, t &b cells, produce antibodies, 30%
T cells
attack
B cells
remember
Mononucleosis other name
epstein barr virus
difference between HIV and AIDS
you can be infected with HIV and not have AIDS, AIDS occurs when HIV is left untreated
3 phases of leukemia
- remission induction 2. consolodation 3. matinance
platelets
help initiate formation of blood clots, close breaks in damaged blood vessels
blood plasma is made of
water and proteins
blood plasma
liquid portion of the blood, 92% water
blood plasma function
transport nutrients, gasses, vitamins, maintain fluid and electrolyte balance, and pH
3 plasma protiens
- albumins 2. globulins 3. fibrinogen
albumins
blood pressure
globulins
transport antibodies
globulins
transport antibodies
fibrinogen
blood clotting
thrombin
enzyme in blood plasma that causes clotting of blood
multiple myelome cancer
attacks plasma cells
hemostasis
process of stopping bleeding
3 events of hemostasis
- blood vessel spasm 3. platelet plug formation 3. blood coagulation
blood vesse spasm
serotonin shrinks vessel
platelet plug formation
closes the opening
blood coagulation
fibrin forms over the plug and reinforces (forms a scab)
thrombus
blood clot (abnormal)
embolus
when the clot moves to another place
pulmonary embolism
when clot goes to the lung
vitamin K
prevents bleeding disorder
VKDB
vitamin K deficiancy bleeding
hemophilia
blood does not clot
how much blood is taken in donation
1 pint
