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Anatomy and Physiology > Circulatory system > Flashcards

Circulatory system Flashcards

1
Q

splenomegaly

A

enlargement of the spleen

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2
Q

what causes splenomegaly

A

excess production of RBC’s

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3
Q

functions of the spleen

A

filters blood, removes old blood celss, recycles iron, and makes antibodies

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4
Q

blood is a type of what tissue

A

connective

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5
Q

what percent of your body weight is your blood

A

7-8

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6
Q

what are the two components of your blood

A

cells and plasma

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7
Q

breakdown percentages of cells

A

1% WBC+ platelets and 45% RBCs

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8
Q

hematocrit

A

percentage of RBC’s in the blood

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9
Q

three types of blood cells

A

erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

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10
Q

erythrocytes

A

RBC

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11
Q

Leukocytes

A

WBC

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12
Q

Thrombocytes

A

platelets

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13
Q

shape of blood with beta thalassemia

A

rectangular shape

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14
Q

shape of blood with sickle cell anemia

A

sickle/ curved

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15
Q

what protien makes blood cells

A

hemoglobin

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16
Q

how many hemoglobins in a cubic millimeter

A

5 million

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17
Q

what cell structuer is missing from blood cells

A

nuclei

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18
Q

low iron symptoms

A

light-headed, easy bruising, headaches

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19
Q

does blood with beta thalassemia have a nucleus

A

yes

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20
Q

do RBC’s have a nucleus

A

no

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21
Q

how is DNA pulled from RBC’s

A

plasma-protiens and amino acids

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22
Q

hematopoiesis

A

fomation of blood cells

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23
Q

where does hematopoiesis occur

A

bone marrow

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24
Q

what hormone causes the production of RBC’s

A

EPO/ erythropoietin

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25
oxyhemoglobin
plenty of O2, bright red
26
deoxyhemoglobin
low O2, dark red
27
blood returs to the heart through
veins
28
blood leaves the heart through
arteries
29
veins and arteries meet at
cappillaries
30
what color blood is drawn from an artery
bright red
31
what causes sickle cell
recessive gene
32
what are symptoms of sickle cells
fatigue, strokes, shortness of breath, pain crisis
33
how does blood maintain homiostasis
carries oxygen through body and without is the body couldn't function
34
ways leukimia disrupts body system
weightloss, fever, infections, short breath, weak, pain in joints, bruising
35
two groups of white blood celss
granulo and agranulo
36
size of WBC to RBC
WBC much larger
37
granulocytes
neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils
38
agranulocytes
monocytes and lymphocytes
39
neutrophils
- 60% WBC - present in pus to clean up bacteria
40
eosinophils
mainly attack parasites, 2% WBC
41
basophils
produce heparin and histamine
42
heparin
blood thinner
43
histamine
inflammatory reaction, causes swelling and itching
44
monocytes
become macrophages or dendritic cells - consume pathogens then present antigens on surface to signal immune system
45
lymphocytes
main defense, t &b cells, produce antibodies, 30%
46
T cells
attack
47
B cells
remember
48
Mononucleosis other name
epstein barr virus
49
difference between HIV and AIDS
you can be infected with HIV and not have AIDS, AIDS occurs when HIV is left untreated
50
3 phases of leukemia
1. remission induction 2. consolodation 3. matinance
51
platelets
help initiate formation of blood clots, close breaks in damaged blood vessels
52
blood plasma is made of
water and proteins
53
blood plasma
liquid portion of the blood, 92% water
54
blood plasma function
transport nutrients, gasses, vitamins, maintain fluid and electrolyte balance, and pH
55
3 plasma protiens
1. albumins 2. globulins 3. fibrinogen
56
albumins
blood pressure
57
globulins
transport antibodies
58
globulins
transport antibodies
59
fibrinogen
blood clotting
60
thrombin
enzyme in blood plasma that causes clotting of blood
61
multiple myelome cancer
attacks plasma cells
62
hemostasis
process of stopping bleeding
63
3 events of hemostasis
1. blood vessel spasm 3. platelet plug formation 3. blood coagulation
64
blood vesse spasm
serotonin shrinks vessel
65
platelet plug formation
closes the opening
66
blood coagulation
fibrin forms over the plug and reinforces (forms a scab)
67
thrombus
blood clot (abnormal)
68
embolus
when the clot moves to another place
69
pulmonary embolism
when clot goes to the lung
70
vitamin K
prevents bleeding disorder
71
VKDB
vitamin K deficiancy bleeding
72
hemophilia
blood does not clot
73
how much blood is taken in donation
1 pint

Anatomy and Physiology (16 decks)

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