respiratory system

Question 1

Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood is transported as…

Answer 1

bicarbonate ions

Question 2

what term describes a reduced oxygen supply to the tissues?

Answer 2

hypoxia

Question 3

Lung volumes can be measured using a…
pulse oximeter
Cross
bronchoscope
sphygmomanometer
stethoscope
spirometer

Answer 3

spirometer

Question 4

Which of the following occurs during inhalation at rest?
Closure of the glottis
Relaxation of the sternocleidomastoid muscles
Contraction of the diaphragm
Contraction of the internal intercostal muscles
A rise in the pressure in the thoracic cavity

Answer 4

Contraction of the diaphragm

Question 5

The trachea…
Branches within the mediastinum, giving rise to the right and left pulmonary bronchi
Contains 100-200 continuous rings of cartilage, called oesophageal rings
Is a tough, flexible tube approximately 2-3cm long
Is the muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach
Lies posterior to the oesophagus

Answer 5

Branches within the mediastinum, giving rise to the right and left pulmonary bronchi

Question 6

The vocal cords are located in the…

Answer 6

larynx

Question 7

Which of the following would increase respiration rate?
An increase in blood pH
An increase in blood oxygen concentration
An increase in blood carbon dioxide concentration
An increase in tidal volume
An increase in blood sodium concentration

Answer 7

An increase in blood carbon dioxide concentration

Question 8

Which of the following statements is TRUE?
Each terminal bronchiole delivers air to a cluster of pulmonary lobules
The left lung has six lobes
Alveolar gas exchange occurs across a knot of capillaries called the glomerulus
An extensive network of capillaries surrounds each alveolar sac
The walls of the alveolar sacs are non-elastic

Answer 8

An extensive network of capillaries surrounds each alveolar sac

Question 9

The partial pressure of oxygen would be highest in the…

Answer 9

pulmonary veins

Question 10

How would the body compensate for an increase in carbon dioxide in the blood?

Answer 10

increase respiration rate

Question 11

What gas is a waste product of respiration?

methane
carbon dioxide
oxygen

Answer 11

carbon dioxide

Question 12

How is waste carbon dioxide expelled from the body?

through inspiration
by peristalsis
through expiration

Answer 12

through expiration

Question 13

Which substance is another by-product of cellular respiration?

water
oxygen
glucose

Answer 13

water

Question 14

Which substance is another by-product of cellular respiration?

water
oxygen
glucose

Answer 14

water

Question 15

What is the correct branching order into the lungs?

bronchioles, trachea, bronchi
trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
trachea, bronchioles, bronchi

Answer 15

trachea, bronchi, bronchioles

Question 16

What is the correct branching order into the lungs?

bronchioles, trachea, bronchi
trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
trachea, bronchioles, bronchi

Answer 16

trachea, bronchi, bronchioles

Question 17

What are cilia?

hair-like projections on cell surfaces
hairs that grow on cells
pseudopodia

Answer 17

hair-like projections on cell surfaces

Question 18

What substance builds up in muscle during anaerobic exercise?

Lactic acid
carbon dioxide
oxygen

Answer 18

Lactic acid

Question 19

What substance builds up in muscle during anaerobic exercise?

Lactic acid
carbon dioxide
oxygen

Answer 19

Lactic acid

Question 20

Which of these is a substrate for cellular respiration?

water
glucose
carbon dioxide

Answer 20

glucose

Question 21

Which of these is a substrate for cellular respiration?

water
glucose
carbon dioxide

Answer 21

glucose

Question 22

What is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere?

oxygen
nitrogen
carbon dioxide

Answer 22

nitrogen

Question 23

What are the muscles between the ribs called?

the intercostal muscles
the scalene muscles
the diaphragm

Answer 23

the intercostal muscles

Question 24

Why is the alveolar surface moist?

to increase the surface area of the lungs
to aid the diffusion of gases in the alveoli
to aid blood flow in the alveoli

Answer 24

to aid the diffusion of gases in the alveoli

Question 25

Why is the alveolar surface moist? to increase the surface area of the lungs to aid the diffusion of gases in the alveoli to aid blood flow in the alveoli

Answer 25

to aid the diffusion of gases in the alveoli

Question 26

Which of these are accessory respiratory muscles? the external intercostal muscles the diaphragm the quadriceps

Answer 26

the external intercostal muscles

Question 27

Contraction of the diaphragm causes which action to take place? peristalsis inspiration expiration

Answer 27

inspiration

Question 28

Contraction of the diaphragm causes which action to take place? peristalsis inspiration expiration

Answer 28

inspiration

Question 29

The scalene muscles are accessory muscles to which action? inspiration expiration vomiting

Answer 29

inspiration

Question 30

Which structures ensures that the trachea is kept open? smooth muscles the respiratory epithelium cartilaginous rings

Answer 30

cartilaginous rings

Question 31

What is the function of the cilia in the trachea? to waft foreign particles up the windpipe to move mucus down into the lungs to ensure continuous blood flow to the lungs

Answer 31

to waft foreign particles up the windpipe

Question 32

What function does the mucus in the trachea serve? to aid diffusion of gases in the lung to increase blood flow to the alveoli to trap foreign particles

Answer 32

to trap foreign particles

Question 33

Why is the trachea made of incomplete rings of cartilage? to allow food to move down the oesophagus to allow food to move down the trachea to prevent food going down the trachea

Answer 33

to allow food to move down the oesophagus

Question 34

What is the function of the epiglottis? to allow food down the trachea to prevent food going down the trachea to stop food being regurgitated

Answer 34

to prevent food going down the trachea

Question 35

Which of these are accessory muscles to inspiration? the diaphragm the triceps the sternocleidomastoids

Answer 35

the sternocleidomastoids

Question 35

Which of these are accessory muscles to inspiration? the diaphragm the triceps the sternocleidomastoids

Answer 35

the sternocleidomastoids

Question 36

What does the pressure in the lungs do during expiration? it stays the same it increases it decreases

Answer 36

it increases

Question 36

What does the pressure in the lungs do during expiration? it stays the same it increases it decreases

Answer 36

it increases