digestive system Flashcards
when food is swallowed it passes through the…
pharynx/throat
what is the pharynx?
a tube made up of skeletal muscle and lined by mucous membrane
the oesophagus is a muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the…
stomach
what type of muscle does the upper oesophageal sphincter consist of?
skeletal muscle
what type of muscle does the lower oesophageal sphincter consist of?
smooth muscle
the stomach connects the oesophagus to the…
pylorus
duodenum
pyloric sphincter
cardia
duodenum
mechanical digestion consists of…
mixing waves that smoothen food
what is the main event of chemical digestion in the stomach?
protein digestion
what is the stomach wall impermeable too?
most substances
within 2-4 hours after eating a meal, the stomach empties its contents into the…
small intestine
what percentage of all absorption takes place in the small intestine
90%
Monosaccharides, amino acids and short-chain fatty acids pass into the…
blood capillaries
what does the pancreas lie behind?
the stomach
the pancreas is made up of small clusters of glandular epithelial cells called…
islets
trypsin
acini
sinusoids
acini
what do hepatocytes produce?
bile
biles contribution to digestion is the…
mixing of dietary lipids
the large intestine extends from the ileoceal sphincter to the…
cecum
colon
anus
sigmoid
anus
the mucosa contains numerous absorptive cells that absorb…
water
Saliva contains the enzyme amylase, which breaks down which compound?
starch
protein
amylase
starch
The gallbladder releases which substance?
saliva
bile
chyme
bile
The gallbladder releases which substance?
saliva
bile
chyme
bile
What is the name of the muscular process for moving food down the oesophagus?
peristalsis
mass movements
mastication
peristalsis
Where does the absorption of water occur?
in the pancreas
in the large intestine
in the stomach
in the large intestine
Which one of the following is NOT a function of bile?
neutralisation of gastric juice
emulsification of fats
protein breakdown
protein breakdown
